期刊
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
卷 98, 期 -, 页码 35-45出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.10.002
关键词
Sustainability; e-Waste; Rare earth elements; Recycling; Materials recovery; Cross boundary e-waste transport
Advancements in technology, materials development, andmanufacturing processes have changed the consumer products and composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) since 1960s. Increasing quantities of discarded consumer products remain a major challenge for recycling efforts, especially for discarded electronic products (also referred as e-waste). The growing demand for high tech products has increased the e-waste quantities and its cross boundary transport globally. This paper reviews the challenges associated with increasing ewaste quantities. The increasing need for rawmaterials (especially for rare earth and minor elements) and unregulated e-waste recycling operations in developing and underdeveloped counties contribute to the growing concerns for e-waste management. Although the markets for recycled materials are increasing; there are major challenges for development of the necessary infrastructure for e-waste management and accountability as well as development of effective materials recovery technologies and product design. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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