Sexual orientation and migration intentions among rural, exurban and urban adolescents in Iceland

Rural areas have often been assumed to be somewhat hostile territory for sexual minorities. As a result, moving to an urban area may be an integral part of coming out for those living in a rural area. However, surprisingly few quantitative studies have examined the level of rural-to-urban migration intent among sexual minorities. In this study, we examined the migration expectations of adolescents in Iceland, a country characterised by a heavy urban concentration and a scattered rural population, strong international ties and comparatively high levels of formal rights and public acceptance of sexual minorities. Based on a population sample of 2,858 students aged 15-16 years, we found no evidence of greater overall migration expectations among rural or exurban lesbian, gay, bisexual and questioning (LGBQ) youth than their urban counterparts. However, while urban LGBQ youth were more likely to move abroad, young people in other areas are more likely to move domestically. The results are discussed in the context of prior studies of sexual minorities in rural areas and migration expectations among rural youth.

Automated summary

Rural areas have been considered challenging for sexual minorities, making urban migration an important aspect of coming out. However, limited quantitative research has examined migration intent among rural youth. This study explores migration expectations among Icelandic adolescents and finds no significant difference in overall migration expectations between rural/exurban and urban LGBQ youth. Notably, urban LGBQ youth are more likely to consider moving abroad, while other areas are more likely to consider domestic migration.