Heterogeneous activation of persulfate by CuMgAl layered double oxide for catalytic degradation of sulfameter

In this study, a series of CuMgAl layered double oxides (CuMgAl-LDOs) were obtained via calcination of CuMgAl layered double hydroxides (CuMgAl-LDHs) synthesised via a co-precipitation method. The results show that CuMgAl-LDO can be prepared using an optimal Cu : Mg : Al molar ratio of 3 : 3 : 2, NaOH : Na2CO3 molar ratio of 2 : 1, and calcination temperature of 600 degrees C. CuMgAl-LDO is a characteristic of mesoporous material with a lamellar structure and large specific surface area. The removal efficiency of sulfameter (SMD) based on CuMgAl-LDO/persulfate (PS) can reach > 98% over a wide range of initial SMD concentrations (5-20 mg L-1). The best removal efficiency of 99.49% was achieved within 120 min using 10 mg L-1 SMD, 0.3 g L-1 CuMgAl-LDO, and 0.7 mmol L-1 PS. Kinetic analysis showed that the degradation of SMD was in accordance with a quasi-first-order kinetic model. The stability of the CuMgAl-LDO catalyst was verified by the high SMD removal efficiency (> 97% within 120 min) observed after five recycling tests and low copper ion leaching concentration (0.89 mg L-1), which is below drinking water quality standard of 1.3 mg L-1 permittable in the U.S. Radical scavenging experiments suggest that SO$4 is the primary active species participating in the CuMgAl-LDO/PS system. Moreover, our mechanistic investigations based on the radical scavenging tests and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicate that Cu(II)-Cu(III)-Cu(II) circulation is responsible for activating PS in the degradation of SMD and the degradation pathway for SMD was deduced. Accordingly, the results presented in this work demonstrate that CuMgAl-LDO may be an efficient and stable catalyst for the activation of PS during the degradation of organic pollutants. (c) 2020, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

In this study, CuMgAl layered double oxides (CuMgAl-LDOs) were obtained via calcination of CuMgAl layered double hydroxides (CuMgAl-LDHs), and their potential as catalysts for the degradation of sulfameter using persulfate was investigated. The results showed that CuMgAl-LDO exhibited a lamellar structure and large specific surface area, and could achieve high removal efficiency of sulfameter over a wide range of concentrations. The stability and effectiveness of CuMgAl-LDO as a catalyst for the activation of persulfate in the degradation of organic pollutants were also demonstrated.