4.8 Review

Impacts of permafrost degradation on infrastructure

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NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
卷 3, 期 1, 页码 24-38

出版社

SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s43017-021-00247-8

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资金

  1. Academy of Finland [315519]
  2. National Science Foundation [1545913, 2019691, 2022504, 1558389]
  3. National Natural Science Foundation of China [41690144]
  4. Directorate For Geosciences
  5. Div of Res, Innovation, Synergies, & Edu [2022504] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  6. Div of Res, Innovation, Synergies, & Edu
  7. Directorate For Geosciences [2019691] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  8. Office Of The Director
  9. Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering [1545913] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The warming and thawing of ice-rich permafrost pose a significant threat to polar and high-altitude infrastructure. Observed infrastructure damage is already substantial, and under anthropogenic warming, it is projected to continue and increase. Mitigation techniques exist to alleviate these impacts, but better understanding of high-risk regions is needed.
The warming and thawing of ice-rich permafrost pose considerable threat to the integrity of polar and high-altitude infrastructure, in turn jeopardizing sustainable development. In this Review, we explore the extent and costs of observed and predicted infrastructure damage associated with permafrost degradation, and the methods available to mitigate such adverse consequences. Permafrost change imposes various threats to infrastructure, namely through warming, active layer thickening and thaw-related hazards such as thermokarst and mass wasting.These impacts, often linked to anthropogenic warming, are exacerbated through increased human activity. Observed infrastructure damage is substantial, with up to 80% of buildings in some Russian cities and -30% of some road surfaces in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau reporting damage. Under anthropogenic warming, infrastructure damage is projected to continue, with 30-50% of critical circumpolar infrastructure thought to be at high risk by 2050. Accordingly, permafrost degradation-related infrastructure costs could rise to tens of billions of US dollars by the second half of the century. Several mitigation techniques exist to alleviate these impacts, including convection embankments, thermosyphons and piling foundations, with proven success at preserving and cooling permafrost and stabilizing infrastructure. To be effective, however, better understanding is needed on the regions at high risk.

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