Cytotoxicity of Reparative Endodontic Cements on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Objective: To compare the cytotoxicity of commercial reparative endodontic cements on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Material and Methods: The culture of hPDLSCs was established. Cell density was set at 2 x 104 cells/well in 96-well plates. Extracts of Biodentine, Bio-C Repair, Cimmo HD, MTA Repair HP and White MTA were prepared. Then, the extracts were diluted (pure, 1:4 and 1:16) and inserted into cell-seeded wells for 24, 48, and 72 h to assess cell viability through MTT assay. hPDLSCs incubated with culture medium alone served as a negative control group. Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). Results: At 24 h, pure extract of MTA Repair HP and Biodentine 1:16 presented higher cell viability compared to control. Lower cell viability was found for pure extract of Cimmo HD, MTA Repair HP 1:4 and 1:16, and White MTA 1:16. At 48 h, pure extract of Bio-C Repair and MTA Repair HP presented higher cell viability compared to control. At 72 h, only the pure extract of MTA Repair HP led to higher cell proliferation compared to control. Conclusion: Biodentine, Bio-C Repair and MTA Repair HP were able to induce hPDLSCs proliferation. Cimmo HD and White MTA were found to be mostly cytotoxic in hPDLSCs.

Automated summary

In this study, the cytotoxicity of various commercial reparative endodontic cements on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) was compared. The results showed that Biodentine, Bio-C Repair, and MTA Repair HP were able to induce cell proliferation, while Cimmo HD and White MTA exhibited higher cytotoxicity on the stem cells.