期刊
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
卷 9, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9010035
关键词
osteocyte; MLO-Y4; bone; composition; dimensionality; 3D; fluid flow; mechanobiology
资金
- European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework (FP7/2007-2013)
- Horizon 2020 Programmes under ERC grant [239685, 788753, 336882]
- Science Foundation Ireland [SFI/19/FFP/6533]
- EU BlueHuman Interreg Atlantic Area Project [EAPA_151/2016]
Bone is a dynamic organ that can adapt its structure through the release of soluble factors by osteocytes. The study investigated the role of composition and dimensionality in directing Sost expression in MLO-Y4 cells and found that culture in hydroxyapatite-containing collagen scaffolds enhanced Sost expression compared to traditional in vitro culture. The study also showed that the novel culture system responded to fluid flow stimulation. Overall, this study presents a novel culture system for the MLO-Y4 osteocyte cell line and provides valuable insights into Sost expression in bone cells.
Bone is a dynamic organ that can adapt its structure to meet the demands of its biochemical and biophysical environment. Osteocytes form a sensory network throughout the tissue and orchestrate tissue adaptation via the release of soluble factors such as a sclerostin. Osteocyte physiology has traditionally been challenging to investigate due to the uniquely mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone leading to the development of osteocyte cell lines. Importantly, the most widely researched and utilized osteocyte cell line: the MLO-Y4, is limited by its inability to express sclerostin (Sost gene) in typical in-vitro culture. We theorised that culture in an environment closer to the in vivo osteocyte environment could impact on Sost expression. Therefore, this study investigated the role of composition and dimensionality in directing Sost expression in MLO-Y4 cells using collagen-based ECM analogues. A significant outcome of this study is that MLO-Y4 cells, when cultured on a hydroxyapatite (HA)-containing two-dimensional (2D) film analogue, expressed Sost. Moreover, three-dimensional (3D) culture within HA-containing collagen scaffolds significantly enhanced Sost expression, demonstrating the impact of ECM composition and dimensionality on MLO-Y4 behaviour. Importantly, in this bone mimetic ECM environment, Sost expression was found to be comparable to physiological levels. Lastly, MLO-Y4 cells cultured in these novel conditions responded accordingly to fluid flow stimulation with a decrease in expression. This study therefore presents a novel culture system for the MLO-Y4 osteocyte cell line, ensuring the expression of an important osteocyte specific gene, Sost, overcoming a major limitation of this model.
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