New Coronavirus Variants are Creating More Challenges to Global Healthcare System: A Brief Report on the Current Knowledge

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a major global public health crisis, prompting urgent efforts in the scientific community to search for therapeutic and preventative solutions, including the development of pharmacological therapies and vaccines. This article aims to review the latest data on pharmacological therapies undergoing clinical trials and vaccine candidates in development to combat COVID-19.

CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Evolutionary analysis of the Delta and Delta Plus variants of the SARS-CoV-2 viruses

Saathvik R. Kannan et al.

Summary: The study revealed differences in the mutational profile between Delta and Delta Plus variants, with Delta Plus having more high-prevalence mutations and unique signature mutations. Structural analysis showed that these mutations can weaken the interactions between the virus and antibodies.

JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Lineage — United States, December 29, 2020–January 12, 2021

Summer E. Galloway et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

C. Buddy Creech et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Letter Virology

Genomic Characterization of a Novel SARS-CoV-2 Lineage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Carolina M. Voloch et al.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 to mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies

Dami A. Collier et al.

Summary: The B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited reduced neutralization by vaccines and antibodies from recovered COVID-19 patients, with a more substantial loss seen when introducing the E484K mutation. This mutation poses a threat to the efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Estimated transmissibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England

Nicholas G. Davies et al.

Summary: A new variant of SARS-CoV-2 has emerged in England, with a higher reproduction number and potential for large resurgences of COVID-19 cases. Without stringent control measures, it is projected that COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in England for the first 6 months of 2021 will exceed those in 2020. The variant has spread globally and exhibited similar transmission increases in Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

In South Africa, a 2-dose Oxford/AZ vaccine did not prevent mild to moderate COVID-19 (cases mainly B.1.351 variant)

Neal Irfan et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Mental Health of Children Amid COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Observation

Md. Rabiul Islam et al.

ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Immunology

Neutralization potency of monoclonal antibodies recognizing dominant and subdominant epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 Spike is impacted by the B.1.1.7 variant

Carl Graham et al.

Summary: The interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor binding domain (RBD) and the host cell receptor ACE2 is crucial for viral entry, with RBD being the main target for neutralizing antibodies. Mutations in RBD, N-terminal domain (NTD), and S2 subunits of Spike have been found in circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants. This study isolates and characterizes monoclonal antibodies targeting different epitopes on RBD, NTD, and S2 to understand how these mutations affect antigenicity and neutralization resistance.

IMMUNITY (2021)

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Letter Education, Scientific Disciplines

Urgent call for mass immunization against coronavirus in Bangladesh

Md. Rabiul Islam

Summary: Bangladesh faced challenges in its mass vaccination program, but is seeking alternative vaccine sources and leveraging past vaccination experience.

SCIENCE PROGRESS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies

Delphine Planas et al.

Summary: The ability of convalescent sera from individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 and those vaccinated with BNT162b2 to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants B1.1.7 and B.1.351 decreases, but increases after two vaccine doses. The study found that the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants may have acquired partial resistance to neutralizing antibodies generated by natural infection or vaccination, particularly in individuals with low antibody levels. This suggests that the B.1.351 variant may pose a greater risk of infection in immunized individuals.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant

S. A. Madhi et al.

Summary: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine did not provide significant protection against mild-to-moderate Covid-19 caused by the B.1.351 variant, with an efficacy of 10.4%. The incidence of serious adverse events was balanced between the vaccine and placebo groups.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dataset concerning the mental health of healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh

Md. Rabiul Islam et al.

Summary: The dataset focuses on the mental health of Bangladeshi healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a total of 355 complete responses collected. The data may serve as a platform for future research on psychometric evaluation using the provided scales.

DATA IN BRIEF (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A nationwide dataset on the mental health of the Bangladeshi population due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Md. Rabiul Islam et al.

Summary: This study provides a unique dataset on the mental health status among the Bangladeshi population during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, and offers a platform for future research on psychometric assessments and socioeconomic factors. The survey data were collected nationwide, allowing policymakers from government and non-government organizations to develop programs to promote mental health in Bangladesh.

DATA IN BRIEF (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among general Bangladeshi population: a cross-sectional study

Rajesh Das et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh, a large portion of respondents reported mental health problems, with key factors being female sex, unemployment, being a student, obesity, and living without a family. The study also identified statistically significant interrelationships among the measured mental health issues.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Changes in symptomatology, reinfection, and transmissibility associated with the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: an ecological study

Mark S. Graham et al.

Summary: The study showed that the B.1.1.7 variant did not result in changes in COVID-19 symptoms or duration of illness, and there was no significant increase in reinfection rate compared to previous variants.

LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Letter Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: An Urgent Call to Save Lives

Sohel Daria et al.

ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Virology

Genomic analysis reveals a rapid spread and predominance of lambda (C.37) SARS-COV-2 lineage in Peru despite circulation of variants of concern

Carlos Padilla-Rojas et al.

Summary: The pandemic caused by SARS-Cov-2 has hit South America hard, with new variants raising concerns over evasion of vaccine protection, increased transmissibility, or higher virulence. Genomic surveillance in Peru revealed a significant rise of the lambda lineage, becoming predominant from January to April 2021, warranting close monitoring for potential variant of concern status.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2021)

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Letter Virology

Mucormycosis or black fungus infection is a new scare in South Asian countries during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associated risk factors and preventive measures

Fahad I. Rahman et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization

Delphine Planas et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Delta variant, first identified in India in 2020, has become dominant in some regions and is spreading to many countries. This variant shows resistance to certain monoclonal antibodies and antibodies in convalescent sera, as well as reduced neutralization by some COVID-19 vaccines. Administration of two doses of the vaccine is needed for a neutralizing response against the Delta variant.

NATURE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape

William T. Harvey et al.

Summary: The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by the emergence of mutations and variants that impact virus characteristics. Manufacturers are preparing for possible updates to vaccines in response to changes in the virus population, and it is crucial to monitor genetic and antigenic changes alongside experiments to understand the impacts of mutations.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Hematological abnormalities and comorbidities are associated with COVID-19 severity among hospitalized patients: Experience from Bangladesh

Md. Ashrafur Rahman et al.

Summary: This study aimed to assess the correlations between hematological parameters and the severity of COVID-19. Among the 306 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, alterations of several hematological parameters were observed between severe and non-severe patients. Levels of CRP, d-dimer, and ferritin at admission were indicative factors for COVID-19 severity.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

New variants of SARS-CoV-2

Rafael Canton et al.

Summary: The emergence and spread of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have raised concerns over their potential impact on virus transmission, individual infection evolution, and vaccine immunity escape. Countries worldwide need to increase vaccination rates and maintain epidemiological measures to prevent the spread of these variants.

REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Covid-19: Researchers find higher than expected reinfections with P.1 variant among the Brazilian Amazon

Luke Taylor

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Letter Obstetrics & Gynecology

Sexual violence against woman at quarantine center during coronavirus disease 2019 in Bangladesh: Risk factors and recommendations

Fahad Imtiaz Rahman et al.

WOMENS HEALTH (2021)

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Letter Psychiatry

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Suicidal Behavior in Bangladesh: Social Stigma and Discrimination Are Key Areas to Focus On

Md. Rabiul Islam

ALPHA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Education, Scientific Disciplines

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among Bangladeshi healthcare professionals: A cross-sectional study

Md Azim Uddin Repon et al.

Summary: This study assessed the mental health outcomes of Bangladeshi HCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that a large portion of them experienced loneliness, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Factors such as working environment, economic condition, education level, and marital status were significantly associated with the development of mental health problems among HCPs. Appropriate supportive programs and interventional initiatives are needed to help HCPs during and after the pandemic.

SCIENCE PROGRESS (2021)

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Review Virology