期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY
卷 21, 期 -, 页码 118-130出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TNANO.2022.3153561
关键词
Microwave filters; Band-pass filters; Capacitors; Capacitance; Resonator filters; Mathematical models; Optical fiber filters; Microwave filters; tunable circuits and devices; carbon nanotubes; nanotechnology; nanoelectromechanical systems
类别
资金
- European Project H2020 [ICT-07201NANOSMART, 825430]
In this paper, a novel concept of tunable and miniaturized filters using carbon nanotubes as voltage-controlled elements is introduced. The filters have been designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested for wireless and radar applications in the C, X, and K-u bands. The results show that the proposed filters have good filtering performance and frequency tuning capabilities, making them important for next-generation transceivers.
In this paper, we introduce a novel concept of tunable and miniaturized filtersthat embed, as voltage-controlled elements, state-of-the-art variable capacitors, based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs). Starting from a theoretical estimation of the voltage-dependent capacitance between two adjacent CNTs, we extended this physics principle to a large matrix of CNTs, suitably placed on the molybdenum electrodes of an interdigitatedcapacitor (IDC), since molybdenum can withstand the high temperature necessary in the plasma process for the growth of the VACNTs. The IDC is the tunable element of a microwave filter, which must fulfill the need for both reconfigurability (being either a low-pass, a high-pass, or a band-pass filter, at discretion) and low-voltage frequency tuning of reflection/transmission coefficients. For all these reasons, a very compact layout made of T-type cells (comprising VACNT-based variable capacitors and distributed inductors) was designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested, targeting the C, X, and K-u bands (4-16 GHz) for wireless and radar applications. Taking as a reference the free-space wavelength lambda(0) at 10 GHz, the band-pass filter has overall dimensions of just 3.19 mm x 3.47 mm (i.e., 0.11 lambda(0) x 0.12 lambda(0)), with the minimum of the reflection coefficient shifting of 1.16 GHz (within the X band) for an applied dc bias voltage of just 4 V and spanning between -24.81 dB and -36.13 dB. Furthermore, the maximum rejection is 31.65 dB, and the 3-dB fractional bandwidth is 12.44%. The proposed filters are the proof that nanomaterials can be profitably integrated into microwave components for next-generation transceivers.
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