Self-Sufficient Participation in Cloud-Based Demand Response

Demand response and distributed energy storage present significant opportunities for improving the reliability of power systems under increasing threats of natural disasters and uncertainty in sources and loads. In addition, the distributed control and resources which these technologies bring to the customer open promising potential of resilience for individual customers and their critical loads. This article proposes a unification of the problems of system reliability and individual resilience for critical loads through a cloud-based framework for control and optimization relying on centralized decision-making and distributed emergency control. A formulation is presented for optimal power flow with demand response and storage scheduling including N-1 contingencies and guarantees of serving critical loads even when they are isolated in a contingency. The local platform for control and communication under demand response and islanded emergency operations is discussed. A case study with simulation results for a 24 hour period demonstrates the advantages of this framework for the overall power system in terms of operation cost and for an individual customer in terms of serving a critical load in an emergency scenario.

Automated summary

Demand response and distributed energy storage are important for improving power system reliability, especially in the face of natural disasters and uncertainty in sources and loads. This article proposes a cloud-based framework that combines centralized decision-making and distributed emergency control to address the issues of system reliability and individual resilience. Simulation results from a 24-hour case study demonstrate the advantages of this framework in terms of operation cost and serving critical loads during emergencies.