期刊
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
卷 26, 期 7, 页码 4835-4846出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04451-8
关键词
Peri-implantitis; risk factors; Smoking; Smoking cessation
资金
- National Council of Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq, Brasilia, Brazil [402158/2016-4]
This study investigated the association between smoking and peri-implantitis and found that cumulative smoking exposure and shorter smoking cessation span were directly associated with a higher risk for peri-implantitis.
Objectives To investigate the association of cumulative smoking exposure and span since smoking cessation with the occurrence of peri-implantitis. Methods A sample of 350 individuals aged >= 35 years, with the presence of at least one osseointegrated implant functioning for > 5 years, were enrolled in the study. According to smoking habits, participants were categorized into 3 groups: non-smokers (NS; n = 212), former smokers (FC; n = 66), and current smokers (CS; n = 72). Complete peri-implant and periodontal examinations were evaluated. Associations between the occurrence of peri-implantitis and smoking habits, as well as potential confounders, were evaluated through univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The occurrence of peri-implantitis in the NS, FS, and CS groups was 18.2%, 19.7%, and 30.5%, respectively. A high prevalence of the overall number of cases with periodontitis (54.2%) was observed in the CS group when compared to the FS and NS groups. After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratio (OR) for the occurrence of peri-implantitis was 2.63 (1.39-6.77; p < 0.001) for CS compared to NS. There was a significant dose-response relationship between pack/year of smoking and the occurrence of peri-implantitis, as well as a significant decrease in the risk as the years of smoking cessation increased. Conclusions The occurrence of peri-implantitis among CS was high. The cumulative smoking exposure in an incremental manner and the shorter smoking cessation span was directly associated with a higher risk for peri-implantitis.
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