Bearing vibration detection and analysis using enhanced fast Fourier transform algorithm

It is known that the vibration impulses occurred from a bearing defect are non-periodic but cyclostationary due to the slippage of rollers. The vibration status is often perceived to be synonymous with quality and thus used for predictive maintenance before breakdown. As a result, the analysis of vibration has been used as a key condition tool for fault detection, diagnosis, and prognosis. Any defect in a bearing causes some vibration that consists of certain frequencies depending on the nature and location of the defect. Although many techniques for time-frequency analysis are reported to measure vibration signals, they were found less efficient in practical applications. For this reason, this article develops an on-line bearing vibration detection and analysis using enhanced fast Fourier transform algorithm. The relation between major vibration frequency and dispersed leakage caused from fast Fourier transform can be induced, and it is then used to establish a mathematical model to find major frequencies of vibration signal. Also, the dispersed energy can be collected to retrieve its original gravitational acceleration. The proposed model is developed using a simple arithmetic operation based on fast Fourier transform so that it is feasible for more efficient calculation in impulse signal analysis. Both measurement calibration and practical results verify that the proposed scheme can achieve accurate, rapid, and reliable outcomes.