Determination of quadrupole polarizabilities of the excited states of alkali-metal atoms

The scalar and tensor components of the electric quadrupole (E2) polarizabilities of the first two excited states of all the alkali-metal atoms are determined. To validate the calculations, we have evaluated the ground state E2 polarizabilities of these atoms and compared them with the literature values. We could not find the ground state E2 polarizability value for Fr in the literature to compare with our result. The dominant parts of these quantities are estimated by combining the precisely calculated E2 transition matrix elements of many low-lying transitions with the experimental energies, while the other contributions are estimated using lower-order methods. Our estimated values for the ground states of the above atoms are in good agreement with the literature values suggesting that our estimated E2 polarizabilities for the excited states of the alkali atoms, which were not known earlier except for the Li atom, are also quite accurate. These reported E2 polarizabilities could be useful in guiding many precision measurements in the alkali atoms.

Automated summary

This study investigates the electric quadrupole polarizabilities of the first two excited states of all alkali-metal atoms, and the estimated values are found to be in good agreement with literature values. These E2 polarizabilities for the excited states of alkali atoms, which were previously unknown, could be useful in precision measurements in this field.