Polarized solitons in higher-spin wave dark matter

We first show that the effective nonrelativistic theory of gravitationally interacting, massive integer-spin fields (spin-0, 1, and 2 in particular) is described by a 2s + 1 component Schrodinger-Poisson action, where s is the spin of the field. We then construct s + 1 distinct, gravitationally supported solitons in this nonrelativistic theory from identically polarized plane waves. Such solitons are extremally polarized, with macroscopically large spin, but no orbital angular momentum. These s + 1 solitons form a basis set, out of which partially polarized solitons can be constructed. All such solitons are ground states, have a spherically symmetric energy density but not field configurations. We discuss how solitons in higher-spin fields can be distinguished from scalar solitons, and potential gravitational and nongravitational probes of them.

Automated summary

We first introduce the effective nonrelativistic theory of gravitationally interacting, massive integer-spin fields and derive the corresponding equations of motion. Then, we construct a set of gravitationally supported solitons by using polarized plane waves, which have extremal polarization and large spin but no orbital angular momentum. These solitons can be used to generate partially polarized solitons.