Intelligent metasurfaces: control, communication and computing

Controlling electromagnetic waves and information simultaneously by information metasurfaces is of central importance in modern society. Intelligent metasurfaces are smart platforms to manipulate the wave-information-matter interactions without manual intervention by synergizing engineered ultrathin structures with active devices and algorithms, which evolve from the passive composite materials for tailoring wave-matter interactions that cannot be achieved in nature. Here, we review the recent progress of intelligent metasurfaces in wave-information-matter controls by providing the historical background and underlying physical mechanisms. Then we explore the application of intelligent metasurfaces in developing novel wireless communication architectures, with particular emphasis on metasurface-modulated backscatter wireless communications. We also explore the wave-based computing by using the intelligent metasurfaces, focusing on the emerging research direction in intelligent sensing. Finally, we comment on the challenges and highlight the potential routes for the further developments of the intelligent metasurfaces for controls, communications and computing.

Automated summary

Controlling electromagnetic waves and information simultaneously using information metasurfaces is crucial in modern society. Intelligent metasurfaces combine engineered ultrathin structures with active devices and algorithms to manipulate wave-information-matter interactions without manual intervention. This review discusses the recent progress and applications of intelligent metasurfaces in wireless communication architectures and wave-based computing, as well as highlights the challenges and potential routes for further development.