Tularemia Transmission to Humans, the Netherlands, 2011-2021

We used national registry data on human cases of Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica infection to assess transmission modes among all 26 autochthonous cases in the Netherlands since 2011. The results indicate predominance of terrestrial over aquatic animal transmission sources. We recommend targeting disease-risk communication toward hunters, recreationists, and outdoor professionals.

Automated summary

We analyzed national registry data on 26 autochthonous cases of Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica infection in the Netherlands since 2011 to determine the transmission modes. Our findings suggest that terrestrial animals are the predominant source of transmission, followed by aquatic animals. We recommend prioritizing disease-risk communication towards hunters, recreationists, and outdoor professionals.