4.7 Article

N-doped spherical activated carbon from dye adsorption: Bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation and oxygen reduction

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ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2022.107458

关键词

Saturated adsorbent; Fuel cells; Hydrazine oxidation; Oxygen reduction; Bifunctional electrocatalysts

资金

  1. Coordenac ~ao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
  2. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnol 'ogico (CNPq) [141765/2018-6]

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Given the importance of energy efficiency and cost reduction, this study focuses on the development of noble metal-free carbon materials as alternatives to platinum-based catalysts. A new methodology involving the use of activated carbon and thermal treatment is proposed to enhance the electron conductivity and catalytic properties of the materials. The results show that the nitrogen-doped SAC exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performances comparable to or even better than catalysts containing noble metals.
Considering that state-of-the-art on energy conversion devices is focused on the development of efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts, noble metal-free carbon materials have been studied as promising substitutes for commercial platinum-based catalysts. Given the importance of sustainability and minimization of the waste generation, we propose not to adopt an exclusive methodology for the new catalyst preparation, but to use a spherical activated carbon saturated with methylene blue molecules (SAC(sat)) after the adsorption process. A brief thermal treatment of SAC(sat) in N-2 atmosphere at 635 ?degrees C for 30 min was performed to incorporate N atoms on carbon lattice, creating defects and active sites to improve the electron conductivity. The N-doped SAC (N-SAC) showed BET surface area of 661 m(2) g(-1) and 1.1% of nitrogen in its elemental composition, distributed in pyrrolic (51.0%), pyridinic (29.2%) and graphitic groups (19.8%). Electrocatalytic performances of bare SAC and N-SAC were tested over hydrazine oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions. The N-SAC promoted total oxidation of hydrazine and the total reduction of oxygen, since the calculated number of electrons transferred for such reactions was of approximately four. In addition, the N-SAC electrochemical responses as a bifunctional electrocatalysts were comparable or even better than other catalysts containing noble metals.

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