期刊
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
卷 121, 期 7, 页码 1328-1350出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2015JF003803
关键词
Greenland Ice Sheet; ice sheet thermodynamics; remote sensing; radar sounding; Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
资金
- NSF [ARC 1107753, 1108058, ANT 0424589]
- NASA [NNX12AB71G, NNX13AM16G, NNX13AK27G, NNX13AD53A]
- U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Program
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science's Biological and Environmental Research Program
- NASA Cryospheric Sciences and Modeling Analysis and Prediction Programs, under Caltech's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
- Directorate For Geosciences [1108058] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NASA [NNX13AD53A, 475386, NNX12AB71G, 30946] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
The basal thermal state of an ice sheet (frozen or thawed) is an important control upon its evolution, dynamics, and response to external forcings. However, this state can only be observed directly at sparse boreholes or inferred conclusively from the presence of subglacial lakes. Here we synthesize spatially extensive inferences of the basal thermal state of the Greenland Ice Sheet to better constrain this state. Existing inferences include outputs from the eight thermomechanical ice-flow models included in the Sea Level Response to Ice Sheet Evolution (SeaRISE) effort. New remote-sensing inferences of the basal thermal state are derived from Holocene radiostratigraphy, modern surface velocity, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery. Both thermomechanical modeling and remote inferences generally agree that the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream and large portions of the southwestern ice-drainage systems are thawed at the bed, whereas the bed beneath the central ice divides, particularly their west facing slopes, is frozen. Elsewhere, there is poorer agreement regarding the basal thermal state. Both models and remote inferences rarely represent the borehole-observed basal thermal state accurately near NorthGRIP and DYE-3. This synthesis identifies a large portion of the Greenland Ice Sheet (about one third by area), where additional observations would most improve knowledge of its overall basal thermal state.
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