High entropy metal chalcogenides: synthesis, properties, applications and future directions

Metal oxides, sulphides, selenides and tellurides have routinely been investigated and utilised for a wide range of applications, in particular in the areas of energy (photovoltaic, thermoelectric) and catalysis (thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis). A recent development in this chemical space is high entropy and entropy-stabilised inorganic materials, which took inspiration from preceding work on high entropy metal alloys (multicomponent alloys). High entropy inorganic materials typically have many (often >= 6) different cations or anions to yield a high configurational entropy, which can give unexpected structures and properties that are conducive to a broad range of applications in energy and catalysis. More recently still, high entropy metal chalcogenides have been developed and have been investigated for thermoelectric energy generation, batteries for energy storage and electrocatalysis. This review sets out to define entropic stabilisation in high entropy materials, along with a discussion of synthetic techniques to produce these compounds, focusing on high entropy metal chalcogenides including extant routes to high entropy sulfides, selenides and tellurides. The resulting advantageous properties of these materials due to their multi-element nature and the currently proposed and investigated applications of these materials are reviewed. We end the perspective with an opinion on future directions.

Automated summary

Metal oxides, sulphides, selenides and tellurides have wide-ranging applications in the fields of energy and catalysis. The recent development of high entropy inorganic materials, with their multi-component nature and high configurational entropy, has opened up new possibilities for diverse structures and properties. High entropy metal chalcogenides, including sulfides, selenides and tellurides, have been investigated for their potential in thermoelectric energy generation, energy storage batteries and electrocatalysis.