Progress of rechargeable lithium metal batteries based on conversion reactions

In this review, we focus on the conversion reaction in newly raised rechargeable lithium batteries instanced by lithium-sulfur and lithium-oxygen batteries. A comprehensive discussion is made on the fundamental electrochemistry and recent advancements in key components of both types of the batteries. The critical problems in the Li-S and Li-O-2 conversion electrochemistry are addressed along with the corresponding improvement strategies, for the purpose of shedding light on the rational design of batteries to reach optimal performance.