4.2 Review

Autophagy in health and disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic target

期刊

MEDCOMM
卷 3, 期 3, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mco2.150

关键词

autophagy; cancer; cardiovascular diseases; metabolic diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; SARS-CoV-2

资金

  1. Macau Science and Technology Development Fund [UM-MYRG2020-00022-FHS]
  2. [FDCT0078/2020/A2]
  3. [0031/2021/A1]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Autophagy is a crucial metabolic process that isolates cellular contents through autophagosomes and delivers them to lysosomes for degradation. It plays significant roles in various human diseases and has shown promising developments in therapeutic applications.
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process in which cytosolic contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelle, or invading pathogens, are sequestered by the double-membrane structure termed autophagosome and delivered to lysosome for degradation. Over the past two decades, autophagy has been extensively studied, from the molecular mechanisms, biological functions, implications in various human diseases, to development of autophagy-related therapeutics. This review will focus on the latest development of autophagy research, covering molecular mechanisms in control of autophagosome biogenesis and autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and the upstream regulatory pathways including the AMPK and MTORC1 pathways. We will also provide a systematic discussion on the implication of autophagy in various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), metabolic diseases (obesity and diabetes), viral infection especially SARS-Cov-2 and COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases (cardiac ischemia/reperfusion and cardiomyopathy), and aging. Finally, we will also summarize the development of pharmacological agents that have therapeutic potential for clinical applications via targeting the autophagy pathway. It is believed that decades of hard work on autophagy research is eventually to bring real and tangible benefits for improvement of human health and control of human diseases.

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