Chicken feather hydrochar incorporated with phenolic extract of Rosa damascena Mill. to enlarge the antibacterial performance against Acinobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus

In this study, an aqueous extract of Rosa damascene (RAE) was incorporated into chicken feather hydrochar (CFH) to enhance the antibacterial activity of the extract on Acinobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The bacterial adsorption capacity of CFH alone was tested using the modified TTCDRA (dehydrogenase relative activity) method and investigated using SEM, FT-IR, BET, and XRD analyses. The loading efficiency and antibacterial performance of RAE-loaded hydmchar (CFH*RAE) were investigated. Time-dependent inhibitions of A. baumannii and S. aureus inoculated on the artificial skin surface were calculated for the first time. In the agar well diffusion test, the highest inhibition zones (IZ) were 19.8 mm for A. baumannii and 15.2 mm for S. aureus in CFH*RAE, while IZs were 0.6 mm and 14.5 mm (tolerant) for A. baumannii and S. aureus in CFH, respectively. The pathogens were inhibited on the artificial skin surface by both CFH and CFH*RAE for the duration of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min. The highest inhibition was seen between 1.1 and 1.4 log CFU/cm(2) in A. baumanni and S. aureus populations at the 15th minute of incubation. As a result, the antimicrobial performance of CFH containing bioactive molecules enriched with RAE extract was strengthened. CFH*RAE can be suggested for use in the treatment of skin disorders in which A. baumannii and S. aureus are active.

Automated summary

In this study, the antibacterial activity of an aqueous extract of Rosa damascene (RAE) on Acinobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus was enhanced by incorporating it into chicken feather hydrochar (CFH). The CFH alone showed good bacterial adsorption capacity, and the CFH*RAE demonstrated significantly higher inhibition zones against the pathogens. The time-dependent inhibitions on the artificial skin surface were also calculated for the first time. The findings suggest that CFH*RAE can be considered for the treatment of skin disorders caused by A. baumannii and S. aureus.