Endoscopic Valve Therapy in COPD Patients with Hypercapnia

Background: Endoscopic valve therapy has been established as a therapeutic option for patients with severe emphysema. Several randomized controlled trials confirmed the efficacy of this therapeutic approach in COPD patients without significant collateral ventilation. However, patients with clinical relevant hypercapnia were excluded from these trials. Aims and Objectives: Patients with hypercapnia who underwent endoscopic valve treatment were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The efficacy of valve treatment and its impact on blood gases were analysed. Methods: COPD patients with mild to severe hypercapnia (pCO(2) >= 45 mm Hg) who were treated by endoscopic valve placement at the Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, were enrolled in this retrospective trial. Lung function test (vital capacity [VC], forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], residual volume [RV]), blood gases (pO(2), pCO(2)), and 6-minute-walk test (6-MWT) were assessed prior to intervention and at 3 and 6 months following valve implantation. Results: 129 patients (mean age 64 +/- 7 years) with severe COPD (mean FEV1 26 +/- 12% of predicted, mean RV 285 +/- 22% of predicted) with hypercapnia (pCO(2) >= 45 mm Hg, mean pCO(2) 50 +/- 5 mm Hg) underwent endoscopic valve treatment. 3 and 6 months following intervention, statistical significant improvement was observed in VC, FEV1, RV, and 6-MWT (all p < 0.001). Blood gas analysis revealed a significant improvement of mean pCO(2) at 3- and 6-month follow-up (both p < 0.001). 40% of the patients had normal pCO(2) values 3 and 6 months following intervention. Conclusion: COPD patients with hypercapnia should not be excluded from valve treatment, as the hyperinflation reduction improves the respiratory mechanics and thus leading to improvement of hypercapnia.

Automated summary

This retrospective analysis examined the efficacy of endoscopic valve treatment in COPD patients with hypercapnia. The results showed significant improvements in lung function and 6-minute walk test, as well as a significant reduction in pCO(2) levels at 3 and 6 months following valve implantation. 40% of the patients achieved normal pCO(2) values after the intervention. These findings suggest that valve treatment can be effective in improving respiratory outcomes in COPD patients with hypercapnia.