Visualization of intercellular cargo transfer using upconverting nanoparticles

Cell-cell communication is important for cellular differentiation, organ function, and immune responses. In intercellular communication, the extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in delivering the cargo molecules such as genes, proteins, and enzymes, to regulate and control the ability of the recipient cells. In this study, the observation of intercellular cargo transfer via dual-colour imaging using upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) has been demonstrated. Using this technique, the intercellular transport via contact-dependent and contact-independent signaling in live HeLa cells was clearly visualized with real-time, long-term single-vesicle tracking. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the endocytosed UCNPs can be transmitted with the encapsulation of EVs labelled with fluorescent proteins.

Automated summary

Cell-cell communication is crucial for cellular differentiation, organ function, and immune responses. This study demonstrates the use of dual-colour imaging with upconverting nanoparticles to visualize the intercellular transport of cargo molecules, and shows that extracellular vesicles can be transmitted along with fluorescently labelled proteins.