Double diffusion in a combined cavity occupied by a nanofluid and heterogeneous porous media

The aim of the present study is to simulate double diffusion in a circular cylinder over a rectangular cavity by utilizing incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method. An originality of this study is adopting the ISPH method in simulating double diffusion in a novel domain of a circular cylinder over a rectangular shape occupied by Al2O3-H2O and heterogeneous porous media. The variations of Darcy parameter (Da) between 10(-3) and10(-5) with two levels of porous media, (0 < eta(1) = eta(2) <= 1.5), Rayleigh number (10(3) <= Ra <= 10(5)) with variable buoyancy ratio parameter (0 <= N <= 2), solid volume fraction th between 0 and 0.05, and Lewis number (10 <= Le <= 40) on the features of heat/mass transport as well as velocity field are discussed. It is found that the homogeneous porous medium reduces the temperature and concentration within a combined cavity. A decrease in Darcy parameter from 10(-2) and 10(-5) suppresses the maximum of a nanofluid velocity by 75% regardless the levels of porous media. An increase in parameters Ra and N enhances the heat and mass transmission, as well as the nanofluid velocity. Adding more concentration of nanoparticles until 5% reduces the nanofluid velocity. The variations of boundary conditions are acting effectively in changing the temperature and concentration circulations within a combined cavity. Besides, the variations of boundary conditions change the maximum of the velocity field by 86.9%.

Automated summary

This study simulates double diffusion in a circular cylinder over a rectangular cavity using the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method. The effects of various parameters on heat/mass transport and velocity field are investigated. The results show that the porous medium reduces temperature and concentration, while decreasing the Darcy parameter suppresses the nanofluid velocity. Increasing the Ra and N parameters enhances heat/mass transmission and nanofluid velocity. Additional nanoparticles concentration reduces nanofluid velocity.