Strong-coupling quantum thermodynamics far from equilibrium: Non-Markovian transient quantum heat and work

In this paper, we investigate the strong-coupling quantum thermodynamics of a hybrid quantum system far from equilibrium, based on the renormalization theory of quantum thermodynamics we developed recently [Phys. Rev. Research 4, 023141 (2022)]. The strong-coupling hybrid system consists of a superconducting microwave cavity and a spin ensemble of the NV centers in diamond under external driving. The non-Markovian dynamics of this strong-coupling hybrid system has been experimentally explored and theoretically investigated. We apply the renormalization theory of quantum thermodynamics to study the transient quantum heat and work in this strong-coupling hybrid system. We find that the dissipation and fluctuation dynamics of the system induce the transient quantum heat current which shows significant non-Markovian effects. On the other hand, the energy and driving field renormalization produces quantum work power. In particular, the driving-induced work power can be largely enhanced by non-Markovian dynamics through the cavity coupling strongly with the spin ensemble at the resonance. Our results show that non-Markovian dynamics makes faster energy conversion of the heat and work.

Automated summary

In this paper, we investigate the strong-coupling quantum thermodynamics of a hybrid quantum system far from equilibrium. The non-Markovian dynamics of this system have been experimentally explored and theoretically investigated. We apply the renormalization theory of quantum thermodynamics to study the transient quantum heat and work in this system. Our results show that non-Markovian dynamics plays an important role in enhancing the energy conversion of heat and work.