Experimental demonstration of optical Bloch oscillation in electromagnetically induced photonic lattices

The optical Bloch oscillation (OBO) is an optical-quantum analogy effect that is significant for light field manipulations, such as light beam localization, oscillation and tunneling. As an intra-band oscillation, OBO was important for optical investigations in photonic lattices and atomic vapors over an extended period of time. However, OBO in reconfigurable platforms is still an open topic, even though tunability is highly desired in developing modern photonic techniques. Here we theoretically establish and experimentally demonstrate OBO in an electromagnetically induced photonic lattice with a ramping refractive index, established in a coherently-prepared three-level 85Rb atomic vapor under the electromagnetically induced transparency condition. This is achieved by interfering two coupling beams with Gaussian profiles and launching a probe beam that exhibits OBO within the resulting lattice. The induced reconfigurable photonic lattice possesses a transverse gradient, due to the innate edges of Gaussian beams, and sets a new stage for guiding the flow of light in periodic photonic environments. Our results should motivate better understanding of peculiar physical properties of an intriguing quantum-optical analogy in an atomic setting.

Automated summary

The optical Bloch oscillation (OBO) is an important optical-quantum analogy effect for manipulating light fields. The study of OBO in reconfigurable platforms is still an open topic. In this study, OBO was theoretically established and experimentally demonstrated in an electromagnetically induced photonic lattice. The induced reconfigurable lattice with a transverse gradient provides a new stage for guiding light in periodic environments.