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Review
Environmental Sciences
Tao Wang et al.
Summary: Ozone pollution in urban areas of mainland China has worsened despite the decrease in other air pollutants. Recent studies have enriched our understanding of ozone-related processes and impacts. This article synthesizes the key findings from over 500 articles published in English-language journals in the past six years, focusing on changes in ozone concentrations, drivers, responses during the COVID-19 lockdowns, emerging chemical processes, impacts on crops and trees, and government interventions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyo-Jung Lee et al.
Summary: Based on data from 2014-2018, the study analyzed measurements from nine megacities in East Asia and found that the O-3 formation regimes in these cities are mainly VOC-limited. The results suggest that reducing VOC emissions is a key factor in decreasing O-3 levels in megacities in East Asia.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Richard G. Derwent et al.
Summary: The study analyzed the annual maximum 8-hourly mean ozone mixing ratios at 56 European rural ozone monitoring stations from 1989 to 2018. It found that almost all stations and years exceeded the World Health Organization's air quality guideline for human health protection. The long-term changes in ozone mixing ratios were measured using a transported baseline contribution and a regional photochemical enhancement. The study revealed that regional photochemical enhancements have significantly decreased at all rural monitoring stations due to actions taken to control ozone precursor emissions. However, the transported baseline contributions, mainly from intercontinental transport of ozone, have remained high and explain why the WHO guideline is frequently exceeded.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Madankui Tao et al.
Summary: Understanding the spatial and temporal variability of ozone formation on a local scale is crucial for effective mitigation. By combining airborne remote sensing data and ground-based measurements, this study investigates changes in ozone precursors and the inferred chemical production regime on high-ozone days in two Northeast urban domains. The results show that the ratio of HCHO-VCDTrop to NO2-VCDTrop generally increases on ozone exceedance days, indicating a transition towards a more NOx-sensitive ozone production regime. Warmer temperatures and local emissions play a role in the high-ozone days, with slower wind speeds in one domain and stronger, southwesterly winds in the other.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Syuichi Itahashi et al.
Summary: In this study, satellite measurements of formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were analyzed to assess the sensitivity to tropospheric ozone pollution in East Asia. The findings show an increase in NO2 levels over China during the first 5-year period, followed by a decrease after 2010. In contrast, NO2 levels in South Korea and Japan displayed a continuous decline over 15 years. Additionally, there was a significant increase in HCHO levels in East Asia from 2015 to 2019. This indicates a shift towards a nitrogen oxide (NOx)-sensitive regime in the region. The study also suggests that the relative importance of biogenic non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) sources has been increasing, potentially influencing the ozone-sensitive regime in East Asia.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jason R. Schroeder et al.
Summary: The South Coast Air Basin, including Los Angeles, frequently exceeds ozone levels that exceed air quality standards. Despite reductions in ozone precursors, there has been limited improvement in ozone over the past decade. One contributing factor is the transition from volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited to nitrogen oxide (NOx)-limited environment. COVID-19-related changes in human activity exacerbated these changes. Deep reductions in NOx emissions are effective in achieving long-term ozone reductions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xin Huang et al.
Summary: The study indicates that during the COVID lockdown, haze was mainly driven by enhanced secondary pollution, particularly due to the significant decrease in NOx emissions from transportation. This highlights the need for a coordinated and balanced strategy to control multiple pollutants for haze mitigation.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fatemeh Ghasempour et al.
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in air pollution in Turkey using satellite data, revealing a significant decrease in NO2 and AOD during the lockdown while SO2 remained unchanged. The relationship between air pollutants and meteorological parameters showed that temperature and pressure had a strong correlation with air pollution.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiming Liu et al.
Summary: The study highlights the complex relationship between ozone (O-3) concentrations and its precursors, as well as the significant impact of meteorology on short-term ozone variability in China during the COVID-19 lockdown. In most regions, surface ozone levels increased, except for the subtropical south where a decrease was observed. Meteorological changes and emission reductions both contributed to the ozone changes, with a larger impact from meteorological factors in central China.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Trissevgeni Stavrakou et al.
Summary: China was the first country to implement large-scale lockdown measures in response to the pandemic in early 2020, leading to a decrease in pollutant emissions. Spaceborne observations and model simulations showed changes in concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and volatile organic compounds, with meteorological variability and biogenic emissions playing a role in influencing these changes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danran Li et al.
Summary: This study utilized satellite remote sensing data to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of formaldehyde (HCHO) in Shanghai from 2010 to 2019, revealing the variation of HCHO in different seasons and regions. It identified temperature, biogenic and anthropogenic emissions as the main factors influencing HCHO levels. The study also found significant seasonal characteristics of O-3 formation regime in Shanghai, with higher O-3 concentration and FNRSAT values in suburban areas.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thierno Doumbia et al.
Summary: Lockdown measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic have had significant impacts on the distribution of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases globally. Through modeling studies and emission adjustment factors, it has been determined that emissions in different regions have changed during the pandemic, with notable reductions observed in various pollutants.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wannan Wang et al.
Summary: Ground-level ozone pollution has been worsening in eastern China over the past 5 years, with O-3 formation sensitivity tending to be VOC-limited in urban areas and NOx-limited in rural and remote areas. The COVID-19 lockdown period saw an increase in O-3 concentrations in urban areas, highlighting the importance of simultaneous control of anthropogenic NOx emissions and VOC emissions for effective O-3 abatement plans.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaomeng Jin et al.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haotian Lin et al.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiming Liu et al.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Xiao Lu et al.
CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianjun He et al.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2017)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noel Gorelick et al.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2017)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Tao Wang et al.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2017)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yungang Wang et al.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2014)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Y. Q. Wang
METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2014)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bryan N. Duncan et al.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2010)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. Jacob et al.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2009)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jin-Tai Lin et al.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
(2008)