Management of Free Fillet Flap Transfers in Large Oncologic Resections

Background:The fillet flap is a reliable flap for reconstruction of large deformities following oncologic resection. It provides healthy, nonradiated tissue for coverage with the secondary benefit of preserving other potential donor sites for reconstruction. Methods:A retrospective review of the medical records of eight patients who underwent fillet flap reconstruction from 2013 to 2021 at Mayo Clinic, Arizona, were analyzed. Results:Eight patients who underwent four hemipelvectomies, three forequarter amputations, and one below the knee amputation were identified. Patients' ages ranged between 24 and 66 years. All indications for oncologic ablation were curative. Defect sizes ranged from 16 x 20 to 30 x 60 cm. Four pedicled flaps and four free fillet flaps were performed. Indication for free fillet flap was tumor invasion of local vascular structures. There was no flap loss in the pedicled group (follow-up ranged from 1 to 9 years), and one of four free fillet flaps had a successful long-term outcome (follow-up 36 months). Conclusions:Successful free fillet flap reconstruction in the setting of oncologic resection is a difficult task to achieve. Changes to the management of case 3F allowed for a successful transfer. Immediate elevation and anastomosis of the flap before oncologic resection, large caliber recipient vessels and isolation from the zone of injury, protection of the anastomosis, and delay in flap inset all contributed to flap survival. It is our belief that applying these general considerations in large oncologic resections with free fillet flap transfer may aid in successful flap transfer and improve its survival odds.

Automated summary

The fillet flap is a reliable option for reconstructing large deformities following oncologic resection. This study reviewed the medical records of eight patients who underwent fillet flap reconstruction and found that successful free fillet flap transfer is a difficult task to achieve. However, specific management strategies can improve the survival odds of the flap.