Use of Yarrowia lipolytica to Obtain Fish Waste Functional Hydrolysates Rich in Flavoring Compounds

Fishery processing industries generate large amounts of by-products. These by-products come from fish heads, skin, bones, thorns, and viscera. The disposal of these wastes represents an increasing environmental and health problem. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in how to utilize fish materials that are not used for human consumption. Among the different solutions proposed, the use of proteolytic and lipolytic microorganisms represents a green solution for waste valorization. In this work, first we screened several conventional and non-conventional microorganisms for their proteolytic and lipolytic functions. Then, the most promising strains (Yarrowia lipolytica YL2, Y. lipolytica YL4, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B5M and B. subtilis B5C) were tested on a fish waste-based solution. After 72 h incubation at room temperature, the supernatants obtained using the strains of Y. lipolytica showed the highest degree of hydrolysis (10.03 and 11.80%, respectively, for YL2 and YL4), the strongest antioxidant activity (86.4% in DPPH assay for YL2) and the highest formation of aldehydes (above 50% of the total volatile compounds detected). Hydrolysates of fish waste obtained with Y. lipolytica may be reused in feed and food formulations for their functional and flavoring characteristics.

Automated summary

Fishery processing industries produce a significant amount of by-products from fish heads, skin, and other waste, posing environmental and health concerns. Using proteolytic and lipolytic microorganisms to treat these wastes is a green solution with potential for reuse in feed and food formulations for their functional and flavoring characteristics.