期刊
ACS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 2, 期 2, 页码 192-201出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsagscitech.1c00270
关键词
CRISPR-Cas; genome editing; plants; off-target modifications
资金
- Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV) [KB-037-002013]
- Dutch Research Council (NWO-TTW) Biotechnology and Safety program [15792]
CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing allows for precise and targeted genetic modification of plants, but unintended off-target edits can increase risks for gene-edited food crops. Most observed off-target changes are small insertions, deletions, or nucleotide substitutions, with large deletions being rare. Off-target sites have few mismatches with the target sequence and are mainly located in protein-coding regions, often in target gene homologues. Off-target edits are primarily detected through biased analysis of predicted off-target sites. CRISPR-Cas-edited plants show lower off-target mutation frequencies compared to conventionally bred plants. This review can assist in discussing the relevance of evaluating off-target modifications for risk assessment of CRISPR-Cas-edited plants.
CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing allows for precise and targeted genetic modification of plants. Nevertheless, unintended off-target edits can arise that might confer risks when present in gene-edited food crops. Through an extensive literature review we gathered information on CRISPR-Cas off-target edits in plants. Most observed off-target changes were small insertions or deletions (1-22 bp) or nucleotide substitutions, and large deletions (>100 bp) were rare. One study detected the insertion of vector-derived DNA sequences, which is important considering the risk assessment of gene-edited plants. Off-target sites had few mismatches (1-3 nt) with the target sequence and were mainly located in protein-coding regions, often in target gene homologues. Off-targets edits were predominantly detected via biased analysis of predicted off-target sites instead of unbiased genome-wide analysis. CRISPR-Cas-edited plants showed lower off-target mutation frequencies than conventionally bred plants. This Review can aid discussions on the relevance of evaluating off-target modifications for risk assessment of CRISPR-Cas-edited plants.
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