NADPH oxidase inhibitor development for diabetic nephropathy through water tank model

Oxidative stress can cause generation of uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lead to cytotoxic damage to cells and tis-sues. Recently, it has been shown that transient ROS generation can serve as a secondary messenger in receptor-mediated cell sig-naling. Although excessive levels of ROS are harmful, moderated levels of ROS are essential for normal physiological function. There-fore, regulating cellular ROS levels should be an important concept for development of novel therapeutics for treating diseases. The overexpression and hyperactivation of NADPH oxidase (Nox) can induce high levels of ROS, which are strongly associated with diabet-ic nephropathy. This review discusses the theoretical basis for development of the Nox inhibitor as a regulator of ROS homeostasis to provide emerging therapeutic opportunities for diabetic nephropathy.

Automated summary

Oxidative stress can lead to the generation of uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing damage to cells and tissues. While excessive levels of ROS are harmful, moderate levels are essential for normal physiological function. This review discusses the use of Nox inhibitors as a way to regulate ROS levels and provide therapeutic opportunities for diabetic nephropathy.