期刊
PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
卷 74, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw028
关键词
inflammasomes; DNA sensors; AIM2; NLRP3; IFI16; caspase-1; pyroptosis; IL-1 beta; IL-18; gut microbiota; bacteria; DNA; RNA; cancer; colitis; NASH
资金
- US National Institutes of Health [AR056296, CA163507, AI101935]
- American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities
- R.G. Menzies Early Career Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
DNA sensors are formidable immune guardians of the host. At least 14 cytoplasmic DNA sensors have been identified in recent years, each with specialized roles in driving inflammation and/or cell death. Of these, AIM2 is a sensor of dsDNA, and forms an inflammasome complex to activate the cysteine protease caspase-1, mediates the release of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-18, and induces pyroptosis. The inflammasome sensor NLRP3 can also respond to DNA in the forms of oxidized mitochondrial DNA and the DNA derivative RNA: DNA hybrids produced by bacteria, whereas the putative inflammasome sensor IFI16 responds to viral DNA in the nucleus. Although inflammasomes provoke inflammation for anti-microbial host defense, they must also maintain homeostasis with commensal microbiota. Here, we outline recent advances highlighting the complex relationship between DNA-sensing inflammasomes, bacterial host defense and the gut microbiota.
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