期刊
NANO ENERGY
卷 19, 期 -, 页码 495-510出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.11.021
关键词
Water processable solar cells; Nanoparticle; Organic photovoltaic; Blend morphology; Glass transition temperature; Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy
类别
资金
- University of Newcastle
- Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA)
- Commonwealth of Australia through the Access to Major Research Facilities Program
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Australian Research Council [ARC DECRA DE120102271]
- [UQ ECR59-2011002311]
- [UQ NSRSF-2011002734]
Here we report the application of a conjugated copolymer based on thiophene and quinoxaline units, namely poly[2,3-bis-(3-octyloxyphenyl)quinoxaline-5,8-diyl-alt-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (TQ1), to nanoparticle organic photovoltaics (NP-OPVs). TQ1 exhibits more desirable material properties for NP-OPV fabrication and operation, particularly a high glass transition temperature (T-g) and amorphous nature, compared to the commonly applied semicrystalline polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). This study reports the optimisation of TQ1:PC71BM (phenyl C-71 butyric acid methyl ester) NP-OPV device performance by the application of mild thermal annealing treatments in the range of the T-g (sub-T-g and post-T-g), both in the active layer drying stage and post-cathode deposition annealing stage of device fabrication, and an in-depth study of the effect of these treatments on nanoparticle film morphology. In addition, we report a type of morphological evolution in nanoparticle films for OPV active layers that has not previously-been observed, that of PC71BM nano-pathway formation between dispersed PC71BM-rich nanoparticle cores, which have the benefit of making the bulk film more conducive to charge percolation and extraction. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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