Dynamical gravastars

We combine the ideas of a Weyl scaling invariant dark energy action, which eliminates black hole horizons, with the gravastar idea of a jump in the hole interior from a normal matter equation of state to an equation of state where pressure plus density approximately sum to zero. Using the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation, which requires continuous pressure, we present Mathematica notebooks in which the structure of the gravastar is entirely governed by the action and the equation of state, with the radii where structural changes occur emerging from the dynamics, rather than being specified in advance. The notebooks work even with zero cosmological constant, but when the cosmological constant is nonzero, there is a very small black hole wind that we calculate by a relativistic extension of standard pressure driven isothermal stellar wind theory.

Automated summary

In this study, we combine the concepts of a Weyl scaling invariant dark energy action and the gravastar theory. By utilizing the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation, we investigate the structure and dynamics of gravastars. Our Mathematica notebooks demonstrate that the structural changes of gravastars are determined by the action and equation of state, and the radii at which these changes occur are not predetermined. Additionally, we calculate the effects of a very small black hole wind using a relativistic extension of standard pressure-driven isothermal stellar wind theory.