Linear relationship between absorbed radiation dose and pulse rate during fluoroscopy

Purpose:To identify the relationship between fluoroscopy pulse rate and absorbed radiation dose. We compared absorbed radiation dose with common proxy measurements such as fluoroscopy time and C-arm reported dose. Methods:Using a simulated patient model, 60 s fluoroscopy exposures were performed using pulse rates of 30, 8, 4, 2, and 1 pulse(s) per second. Each experiment was performed with both standard and low-dose settings using a GE OEC 9800 plus C-arm. Landauer nanoDot (TM) OSL dosimeters were used to measure the absorbed radiation dose. Results:Fluoroscopy pulse rate and absorbed radiation dose demonstrated a linear correlation for both standard (R-2 = 0.995, p < 0.001) and low-dose (R-2 = 0.998, p < 0.001) settings. For any given pulse rate, using the low-dose setting reduced absorbed radiation dose by 58 +/- 2.8%. Fluoroscopy time demonstrated a linear relationship with absorbed radiation dose for both standard (R-2 = 0.996, p < 0.001) and low-dose (R-2 = 0.991, p < 0.001) settings, but did not change with use of the low-dose setting. C-arm reported radiation dose correlated linearly with absorbed dose (R-2 = 0.999) but consistently under-estimated measured values by an average of 49 +/- 3.5%. Using a combination of 1 pulse-per-second and low-dose fluoroscopy, absorbed dose was reduced by 97.7 +/- 0.1% compared to standard dose and 30 pulse-per-second settings. Conclusion:Absorbed radiation dose decreases linearly with fluoroscopy pulse rate during equivalent exposure times. Adjusting fluoroscopy pulse rate and utilizing low-dose settings significantly reduces overall absorbed radiation exposure by up to 98%.

Automated summary

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fluoroscopy pulse rate and absorbed radiation dose. The results showed that there was a linear correlation between fluoroscopy pulse rate and absorbed radiation dose. Using a low-dose setting significantly reduced the absorbed radiation dose compared to the standard dose. The combination of a pulse rate of 1 pulse per second and low-dose fluoroscopy reduced the absorbed dose by 97.7%.