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Enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in osteoarthritis

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Summary: This study analyzed and compared the efficacy and safety of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) in knee osteoarthritis management. The results showed that AD-MSCs were superior to BM-MSCs in improving pain and functional outcomes, and had better safety. Further trials are needed to validate these findings and reach a consensus on the ideal source of MSCs for managing knee osteoarthritis.

WORLD JOURNAL OF ORTHOPEDICS (2023)

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Osteoarthritis, an old wine in a new bottle!

Sathish Muthu

Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease that greatly affects patients' quality of life and healthcare services, but there is still no effective strategy for prevention or control. Previous pharmaceutical development has not provided a disease-modifying solution for OA. This editorial article discusses the challenges faced in OA research and the exciting opportunities for future management, such as personalized approaches, early disease detection with biomarkers, and improved clinical research design. Utilizing technologies like artificial intelligence and genomic profiling, the future of OA management shows promising prospects.

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Yu Fu et al.

Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes chronic pain and joint swelling in millions of patients. Current non-surgical treatment for OA can only relieve pain, and the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secreted exosomes therapy is uncertain. In this study, dental pulp stem cell (DPSC)-derived exosomes were shown to effectively improve subchondral bone remodeling, inhibit bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation, and alleviate cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation in a mouse knee OA model. Furthermore, DPSC-derived exosomes repressed osteoclast activation by inhibiting TRPV4 activation. These findings suggest that a single injection of DPSC-derived exosomes may be a potential strategy for knee OA treatment and TRPV4 inhibition could be a promising target for clinical OA treatment.

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Xiao Xu et al.

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Programming assembly of biomimetic exosomes: An emerging theranostic nanomedicine platform

Xiao Xu et al.

Summary: Exosomes, as a cell-free therapeutic approach, hold great promise. However, before clinical use, challenges in large-scale production, quality control, and heterogeneity need to be addressed. Biomimetic exosomes, called exosome-mimetics (EMs), have been created through various methods, such as extrusion, artificial synthesis, and liposome fusion, to overcome these limitations. EMs possess similar morphology and function to natural exosomes, but offer higher yields, faster large-scale production, and similar size. This article provides an overview of the chemical and biological properties of synthetic exosome systems, highlighting recent advances in production and applications, and discussing advantages, limitations, and potential clinical applications of EMs.

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Clinical translation of mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles: Considerations on scientific rationale and production requisites

Yvan Courageux et al.

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Osteoarthritis year in review 2021: epidemiology & therapy

J. G. Quicke et al.

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OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE (2022)

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Lesley Cheng et al.

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Extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate osteoarthritis of the knee in mice model by interacting with METTL3 to reduce m6A of NLRP3 in macrophage

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Abdulwahab Teflischi Gharavi et al.

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Aging of mesenchymal stem cell: machinery, markers, and strategies of fighting

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Current understanding of MSC-derived exosomes in the management of knee osteoarthritis

Madhan Jeyaraman et al.

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Chondrocyte-specific genomic editing enabled by hybrid exosomes for osteoarthritis treatment

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Current understanding of MSC-derived exosomes in the management of knee osteoarthritis

Madhan Jeyaraman et al.

Summary: This article reviews the current understanding of the role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the management of knee osteoarthritis, covering their classification, characterization, biogenesis, mechanism of action, pathways involved in therapeutic action, in vitro evidence on cartilage regeneration, in vivo evidence in OA knee models, and recent advances in using MSC-Exos.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Potential Therapeutic Avenue in Knee Osteoarthritis

Madhan Jeyaraman et al.

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TGF-β1-modified MSC-derived exosomal miR-135b attenuates cartilage injury via promoting M2 synovial macrophage polarization by targeting MAPK6

Rui Wang et al.

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CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Exosome-Mediated Drug Delivery for Cell-Free Therapy of Osteoarthritis

Li Duan et al.

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CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Challenges and advances in clinical applications of mesenchymal stromal cells

Tian Zhou et al.

Summary: MSC therapy for clinical applications faces challenges due to inconsistent criteria for MSCs identity and their inherited heterogeneity. Strategies have been developed to overcome these challenges with the emergence of advanced biological techniques and substantial improvements in bio-engineered materials.

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Yvonne Couch et al.

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Exosomes as Targeted Delivery Platform of CRISPR/Cas9 for Therapeutic Genome Editing

Li Duan et al.

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