A Holistic Approach to the Integration of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Island Electric Grids With High Wind Penetration

This paper details an optimization tool for the planning and operation of battery energy storage systems (BESS) in island power systems with high wind penetration. The selection of the most suitable battery technology, its sizing and location is achieved through a comparative analysis of the operational and capital expenditure of the islanded system during the planning horizon with and without the deployment of the BESS solution. An operational algorithm is developed consisting on sequentially closer to time of delivery optimization stages in order to provide a robust quantification of the technical, environmental, and economic impacts of the battery system. The developed methodology is assessed and validated in a real-world case study of a Portuguese island with a high share of wind generation. Results show that BESS enhances the flexibility of the islanded power system thus ensuring a higher accommodation of wind energy with significant economic benefits.