Synthesizing and formulating metal oxide nanoparticle inks for perovskite solar cells

The perovskite solar cell has commercial potential due to the low-cost of materials and manufacturing processes with cell efficiencies on par with traditional technologies. Nanomaterials have many properties that make them attractive for the perovskite devices, including low-cost inks, low temperature processing, stable material properties and good charge transport. In this feature article, the use of nanomaterials in the hole transport and electron transport layers are reviewed. Specifically, SnO2 and NiOx are the leading materials with the most promise for translation to large scale applications. The review includes a discussion of the synthesis, formulation, and processing of these nanoparticles and provides insights for their further deployment towards commercially viable perovskite solar cells. Cyclic relationship between particle synthesis, ink formulation, and performance of nanoparticles.

Automated summary

Perovskite solar cells have commercial potential due to their low-cost materials and manufacturing processes. Nanomaterials, including low-cost inks and stable material properties, have attractive properties for perovskite devices. This article reviews the use of nanomaterials in the hole transport and electron transport layers, focusing on leading materials SnO2 and NiOx.