期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
卷 253, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126541
关键词
Adjuvant; Fish disease; Innate immunity; PAMPs; PRRs; TLRs
This article provides an overview of various aspects of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in fish, including their history, classification, structure, function, signaling pathways, and expression patterns. The article highlights the specific contribution of TLRs to the immune response in fish and identifies gaps in research in this area.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a conserved group of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and play a crucial role in inducing the broadly acting innate immune response against pathogens. In recent years, the detection of 21 different TLR types in various fish species has sparked interest in exploring the potential of TLRs as targets for boosting immunity and disease resistance in fish. This comprehensive review offers the latest insights into the diverse facets of fish TLRs, highlighting their history, classification, architectural insights through 3D modelling, ligands recognition, sig-nalling pathways, crosstalk, and expression patterns at various developmental stages. It provides an exhaustive account of the distinct TLRs induced during the invasion of specific pathogens in various fish species and delves into the disparities between fish TLRs and their mammalian counterparts, highlighting the specific contribution of TLRs to the immune response in fish. Although various facets of TLRs in some fish, shellfish, and molluscs have been described, the role of TLRs in several other aquatic organisms still remained as potential gaps. Overall, this article outlines frontier aquaculture research in advancing the knowledge of fish immune systems for the proper management of piscine maladies.
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