期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 30, 期 49, 页码 107956-107969出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29869-9
关键词
TiO2/graphene composite nanofibers; Photocatalyst; Photocatalytic degradation; Pharmaceutical wastewater; Rifampin; Phenazopyridine; Azathioprine
In this study, the morphology, characterization, and effectiveness of TiO2/graphene composite nanofiber photocatalysts in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater were investigated. Optimum conditions were determined, and the photocatalyst showed efficient degradation of pharmaceutical compounds and potential for practical and economic applications.
Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment is an essential component of environmental protection and sustainable development. In this study, our aim was to investigate the morphology, characterization, and effectiveness of TiO2/graphene composite nanofiber photocatalysts in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing three different pharmaceutical groups, such as an antibiotic (rifampin), painkiller (phenazopyridine), and immunosuppressant (azathioprine). Various parameters such as pH, salt concentration, and initial pharmaceutical compound concentration were optimized to achieve maximum degradation kinetics and efficiency. The optimum conditions were determined to be 1.5% graphene content, 30 ppm initial concentration of pharmaceutical compound, pH=5, and a 0.5 g/L photocatalyst dose. The presence of salt slightly decreased the degradation kinetics, but it did not significantly affect the performance of the TiO2/graphene composite nanofibers photocatalyst. At optimum condition, TiO2/1.5% graphene composite nanofibers degraded 50% of phenazopyridine, 86.89% of rifampin, and completely azathioprine. Comparing with phenazopyridine, N heteroatom-rich molecule of azathioprine and hydroxyl-rich molecule of rifampin lead to being susceptible to photocatalytic degradation. The reuse of the photocatalyst in multiple cycles showed consistent performance, indicating its potential for practical and economic applications.
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