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Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Calvo-Barreiro et al.
Summary: The gut microbiota and its metabolites have significant effects on the host immune system. Dysbiosis and altered levels of microbiota-derived metabolites have been observed in immune-related diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and colorectal cancer. This review focuses on two families of metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, indole metabolites, polyamines, choline-derived compounds, and secondary bile acids, which have been identified as immunoregulatory molecules that specifically affect the adaptive immune system and T helper 17 and regulatory T cells. The mechanisms of action and the implications in health and diseases related to these gut microbial-derived metabolites are discussed, and the exogenous administration of these molecules or compounds that bind to their immunoregulatory receptors is proposed as potential therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chunhua Yang et al.
Summary: In the early stage of this study, three strains of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus acidophilus CICC 6081, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus CICC 6103, and Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. Plantarum CICC 20988) with anti-soybean allergy potential were screened. The aim of the study was to analyze the desensitization effect of these strains on soybean-allergic mice by examining immune cell differentiation in intestinal lymph nodes and changes in gut microbiota. The results showed that the Lactobacillus strains stimulated dendritic cell proliferation and regulated Th1/Th2 differentiation balance in the MLNs and PPs of soybean-allergic mice. The Lactobacillus treatment also reversed the changes in gut microbiota observed in allergic mice.
Review
Microbiology
Eric M. Brown et al.
Summary: Metabolites from commensal gut microbes have significant impacts on host health through immune recognition and modulation of various metabolic pathways. The gut microbiota plays a dual role in transforming and synthesizing lipids, as well as breaking down dietary lipids to generate secondary metabolites with host regulatory properties. Recent research has highlighted the signaling activities of lipids, which have potential effects on host health and physiology. This review focuses on the functions of bioactive lipids in mammalian physiology, with a particular emphasis on immunity and metabolism.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruobing Li et al.
Summary: A reusable riboflavin and carbon black (RCB) co-modified filler was developed and combined with alkaline pretreatment to enhance VFAs and methane production during anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS).
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Akari Hiraku et al.
Summary: Supplementation with Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis) M-63 in healthy term infants leads to an increase in beneficial bacteria, a decrease in stool pH, and an increase in acetic acid and IgA levels. It also reduces the frequency of defecation and watery stools. This study highlights the importance of early supplementation with B. infantis M-63 in the development of gut microbiota in infants.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Radwa Almamoun et al.
Summary: This study investigates the impact of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on the gut microbiome and its correlation with immune system changes. DBP exposure significantly alters the composition of the gut microbial community, with increased abundances of Desulfovibrio and Enterorhabdus genera. Moreover, the abundance of certain microbial taxa correlates with the increase in non-classical monocytes observed in DBP-treated animals.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hui Cai et al.
Summary: Systemic heat stress induces germ cell death and spermatogenesis disorders in men and male mammals, affects the immune environment of the circulatory system promoting gut inflammation and intestinal permeability, leading to pathogenic infection. This study explores the crosstalk between the gut and testis (gut-testis axis) under heat stress, by examining the effects of intestinal immune status on the health of the male reproductive system in mice.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Cheng et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the potential application of solid fermentation in extracting different functional polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. Multiple neutral and acidic polysaccharides were obtained and their properties were compared after fermentation. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, a natural polysaccharide (BNP) from fermented P. cyrtonema via Bacillus subtilis was found to regulate intestinal antioxidant defense and immune function, possibly through modulating gut microbiota homeostasis. This work provides evidence for the development and utilization of P. cyrtonema with fermentation and highlights the potential value of BNP in treating intestinal disorders.
Article
Plant Sciences
Meng Meng et al.
Summary: This study found that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) can effectively alleviate symptoms of arthritis and exert its effects by inhibiting the NF-kappa B and MAPK pathways. This provides evidence for the potential therapeutic effect of mushroom-derived polysaccharide peptides in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Article
Microbiology
Aravindh Nagarajan et al.
Summary: This study investigated the impact of host genetics on gut microbial composition using Collaborative Cross (CC) mice. The bacterial composition across different CC strains showed significant variation at the phylum level. Multiple host genes were found to influence the gut microbiome composition and homeostasis, with certain microorganisms influencing health outcomes after S. Typhimurium infection. Machine learning classifiers accurately predicted CC strains and infection outcomes using pre-infection bacterial composition data.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Han Lee et al.
Biomedical Journal
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Geniver El Tekle et al.
Summary: Cancer cells originate from acquired genetic mutations that drive uncontrolled proliferation and immune evasion. Environmental factors, including the human microbiota, can influence tumor behavior and shape the tumor microenvironment. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. This review explores the role of microbiota in cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, focusing on gastrointestinal tract malignancies, as well as lung, breast, and prostate cancers. It also discusses the potential of targeting bacteria for personalized cancer prevention, diagnostics, and treatment.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Hao-Yu Yang et al.
Summary: The review discusses the progress, challenges, and opportunities in the research of probiotic fermented herbal medicine (PFHM) in traditional Chinese medicine. PFHM offers advantages such as the use of pure strains, controllable process, and production of various active enzymes during fermentation, resulting in positive pharmacological effects. However, the mechanism of PFHM needs further investigation due to the complexity of the chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Xin Guo et al.
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the mitigative effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and fermented TCM (FTCM) with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The results showed that TCM, LP, and FTCM alleviated diarrhea symptoms and improved intestinal flora and barrier function, with FTCM showing better results than TCM or LP alone.
Article
Microbiology
Yongsheng Hao et al.
Summary: The study investigated the effects of total dietary fiber (TDF) levels on cecal morphology and microbiota in ducks. The results showed that increasing TDF levels improved duck growth and cecal morphology. It also influenced the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and enriched specific bacteria in the cecum.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xian-Tao Yan et al.
Summary: Obesity is a common global problem, and traditional Chinese medicine offers fat-reducing herbal prescriptions that are safe and effective. Microbial fermentation improves the efficacy and flavor of herbal medicine. This study demonstrates that fermentation by Lactobacillus fermentum grx08 enhances the anti-obesity effects and flavor of Shenheling extract (SHLE).
Review
Plant Sciences
Lei Gao et al.
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive summary of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, transformation of ingredients, and pharmacology of Raphani Semen (RS). RS has been traditionally used in the clinical treatment of bloating, digestion, cough, and asthma. Its chemical constituents include various compounds with activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Further research on RS is needed to understand its traditional effects and mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Junxiang Li et al.
Summary: Fermentation of Astragalus with Lactobacillus plantarum resulted in the production of differential metabolites, which improved the ability of Astragalus to alleviate colitis. Supplementation of fermented Astragalus effectively improved colitis symptoms and enhanced the intestinal immune barrier. The study also found that fermented Astragalus modified the structure of the gut microbiota and enriched the abundance of specific bacteria associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids. This research highlights the potential of fermented Astragalus as a modulator to regulate inflammation and repair intestinal barrier damage caused by colitis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Quancen Li et al.
Summary: Low immune function increases vulnerability to bacterial and viral invasions, leading to influenza and organ inflammations, particularly among young and middle-aged individuals. Various studies have shown that natural products fermented by probiotics undergo beneficial changes in their active ingredients, providing strong nutritional value in terms of anti-oxidation, anti-aging, lipid metabolism regulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and improved immunity. Recent research has extensively examined the role of gut microbiota in enhancing immunity and anti-inflammatory activity. This review explores the modulating effects of probiotics and their fermented natural products on the body, including immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory activities through gut microbiota modulation, and discusses current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. Consumption of natural products fermented by probiotics in our daily diet may present a potential approach to prevent COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesco M. Stalla et al.
Summary: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding the physiology of intestinal permeability and microbiota and their influence on disease pathogenesis. Intestinal permeability refers to the processes that allow the passage of molecules such as water, electrolytes, and nutrients through the intestinal barrier, and it has implications for immune responses and the development of immune-related diseases. The intestinal permeability also interacts with the microbiota, which plays a crucial role in digestive and protective functions. This review focuses on the small intestine and its anatomy, barrier structure, permeability modulation, and microbiota composition, highlighting their importance in understanding the complex pathogenesis of various diseases, not limited to gastroenterological conditions.
MINERVA GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yehudit Shabat et al.
Summary: The study found that cohousing sick mice with healthy or treated mice can alleviate liver damage in sick animals, reduce the incidence of immune-mediated hepatitis, and lower levels of liver damage-related biomarkers.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xintong Zhang et al.
Summary: Oral administration is popular due to its safety, convenience, low cost, and good compliance, but the bioavailability of many oral drugs is limited by the gut microbiota. Research on the relationship between gut microbiota and the bioavailability of oral drugs is crucial for designing novel drug delivery systems or achieving personalized medicine.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yue Xiao et al.
Summary: Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium colonization in the gut is influenced by various factors, including species and strain specificity, natural history, genomic adaptability, metabolic interactions, microbiome structure, host genotype, diet, and host-microbe coadaptation. Under these influences, a customized colonization can be achieved through a machine learning prediction model.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 12, 2021
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Reyes-Corral et al.
Summary: Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is a brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain, resulting in lifelong limiting sequelae such as cerebral palsy, seizures, or mental retardation. Nutraceuticals have shown potential in preventing and reducing brain damage and cognitive impairments induced by neonatal hypoxia-ischemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qingsong Qu et al.
Summary: Fermented ginseng has demonstrated efficacy in treating symptoms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and colon inflammation, as well as restoring the gut microbiota to its original state. Different doses of fermented ginseng exert varying influences on the gut microbiota, with excessively high or low doses being disadvantageous for resolving AAD symptoms and promoting recovery.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Lu Su et al.
Summary: The study investigated the effects of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum spores on the immune system in mice, showing diverse effects on lymphocyte activity in the spleen and regulation of gut microbiota. The polysaccharides were found to have potential immune regulating properties and impact on gut microbiome diversity and function.
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuyuan Li et al.
Summary: This study explored the in vitro fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body extracts with probiotics, demonstrating significant improvement in immunity, intestinal integrity, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in dexamethasone-treated mice. The immunostimulatory activity of the fermentation broth was found closely related to its direct regulation on CD4+ T cell expansion in mice's Peyer's patches. The research provides theoretical support for the development and application of G. lucidum fermentation by probiotics.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Cuiling Guo et al.
Summary: The study found that GLP can reduce AOM/DSS-induced colitis and tumorigenesis, improve dysbiosis, increase short-chain fatty acid production, and enhance gut barrier function.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ewa Seweryn et al.
Summary: Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal mushroom commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, is rich in biologically active compounds. Its polysaccharides have antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antineurodegenerative, and antidiabetic activities, making it an important source of health benefits.
Article
Immunology
Sudha B. Singh et al.
Summary: Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) are often increased in inflammatory conditions and can activate the Notch signaling pathway; Desulfovibrio (DSV) can induce the expression of Notch-related proteins in macrophages and epithelial cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Lin Li et al.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rinse K. Weersma et al.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ilaria Peluso et al.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Bianca J. Parker et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Plant Sciences
Md Faruque Ahmad
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Schepici et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Xianghui Kong et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Hematology
Dawn Swan et al.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Niv Zmora et al.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qinghua Qiu et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erin Diane Lewis et al.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ming Li et al.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Canxia He et al.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guey-Horng Wang et al.
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING
(2017)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kenya Honda et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongxia Cui et al.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2016)
Article
Microbiology
Ming Li et al.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Takanori Yamada et al.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Zengtao Xu et al.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2011)
Article
Immunology
L. Zeng et al.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2008)
