Influence of experimental methods on the mechanical properties of silk fibers: A systematic literature review and future road map

Article Biology

Eri silkworm spins mechanically robust silk fibers regardless of reeling speed

Kenjiro Yazawa et al.

Summary: A study found that the structural, morphological, and mechanical features of eri silk fibers produced by wild silkworms remain unchanged regardless of the reeling speed, in contrast to domesticated silkworm silk fibers.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Mechanics

Multifunctional roles of hairs and spines in old man of the Andes cactus: Droplet distant coalescence and mechanical strength

Lakshminath Kundanati et al.

Summary: In this study, we characterized the surface morphology of the Old Man of Andes cactus and found that both spines and hairs consist of longitudinal microgrooves. The experiments showed a phenomenon of distant coalescence on spines, while hairs were found to be less hydrophilic than spines. This study provides insights into the physical attributes of cacti and their condensation interaction with microstructures.

PHYSICS OF FLUIDS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

An Image-Analysis-Based Method for the Prediction of Recombinant Protein Fiber Tensile Strength

Fredrik G. Backlund et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new method for categorizing protein fibers, allowing for highly accurate prediction of tensile strength through the use of a light microscope and image analysis. This non-destructive quality control process provides further insights into the relationship between supramolecular organization and mechanical functionality of protein fibers.

MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Customized Flagelliform Spidroins Form Spider Silk-like Fibers at pH 8.0 with Outstanding Tensile Strength

Xue Li et al.

Summary: This study successfully prepared flagelliform silk-like fibers with good mechanical properties, providing general insights into efficient biomimetic preparations of spider silks.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineered Spider Silk Proteins for Biomimetic Spinning of Fibers with Toughness Equal to Dragline Silks

Tina Arndt et al.

Summary: The development of miniature spider silk proteins has made large-scale fiber production economically feasible by producing stronger artificial silks. This research shows that the method can be used for economically feasible bulk-scale production.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Protein-Like Nanogel for Spinning Hierarchically Structured Artificial Spider Silk

Wenqian He et al.

Summary: Inspired by the structure and spinning process of spider silk, the authors successfully prepared spider-silk-like nanogel fibers with excellent strength and toughness. The fiber's spinning capacity is dependent on the nanogel size, as predicted by theoretical modeling.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Secretory production of spider silk proteins in metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum for spinning into tough fibers

Qing Jin et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the metabolic engineering of bacteria to efficiently secrete recombinant spidroins for the production of tough synthetic fibers. Through the use of suitable signal peptides, multiple engineering approaches, and high cell density cultivation, the researchers were able to achieve high secretion levels of spidroins. The purified spidroins showed high solubility and could be spun into synthetic fibers with appreciable toughness.

METABOLIC ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Acetylation and hydration treatment of recombinant spider silk fiber, and their characterization using 13C NMR spectroscopy

Tetsuo Asakura et al.

Summary: Acetylation and hydration treatments were applied to improve the mechanical properties of recombinant spider silk protein (RSP) fibers. Hydration treatment significantly increased toughness, while acetylation altered the packing arrangement of crystalline regions.

POLYMER (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Artificial and natural silk materials have high mechanical property variability regardless of sample size

Gabriele Greco et al.

Summary: Silk fibers exhibit significant variability in mechanical properties compared to commercial carbon fibers, even with an increase in the number of tested fibers. Tensile testing of 10 fibers can be representative of a silk fiber population. The ideal stress-strain curve shape for spider silk is only present in 25% of tested samples.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Formylation of Recombinant Spider Silk in Formic Acid and Wet Spinning Studied Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Infrared Spectroscopies

Tetsuo Asakura et al.

Summary: In this study, we reported the wet spinning and formylation of recombinant spider silk protein. The mechanical properties and decomposition process of the formed fibers were investigated. It was found that formylation could alter the structure and properties of the protein fibers. Additionally, a preliminary trial of deformylation was conducted.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Cell Adhesion Behaviors on Spider Silk Fibers, Films, and Nanofibers

Kenjiro Yazawa et al.

Summary: Silk-based materials, such as silk from silkworms and spiders, have potential applications in the medical field due to their mechanical toughness and low cytotoxicity. However, the scarcity and limitations in protein expression systems have hindered the utilization of spider silk. This study collected native spider silk directly from live spiders and investigated the cell adhesion behavior on different spider silk-based substrates. The findings contribute to promoting the use of spider silk in medical applications and sustainable development.

LANGMUIR (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Functionalization and Reinforcement of Recombinant Spider Dragline Silk Fibers by Confined Nanoparticle Formation

Junyan Cheng et al.

Summary: A new strategy of utilizing confined nanoparticle formation on recombinant spider silk fibers was reported. This approach not only enhanced the mechanical properties and toughness of the fibers but also endowed them with photothermal effect and ultraviolet protection. The study provides a potential pathway for creating functional and high-performance spider silk fibers and fabrics.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetostrictive and Electroconductive Stress-Sensitive Functional Spider Silk

Federico Spizzo et al.

Summary: This study presents a new hybrid material composed of spider silk thread and magnetostrictive FeCo alloy, which exhibits excellent mechanical and electrical properties. The durability, homogeneity, and response to magnetic and mechanical stimuli of the composite are validated. The material shows potential for magneto-electronics applications, including magnetic actuators and strain/stress sensors.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

1000 spider silkomes: Linking sequences to silk physical properties

Kazuharu Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study conducted transcriptome assemblies of 1098 species of spiders and measured the mechanical properties of the dragline silks of 446 species, revealing the essential contributions of multicomponent structures and numerous amino acid motifs to the performance limits of industrial fibers.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Impact of physio-chemical spinning conditions on the mechanical properties of biomimetic spider silk fibers

Benjamin Schmuck et al.

Summary: Artificial spider silk has the potential to replace petroleum-based materials, but its mechanical properties need improvement. By optimizing spinning conditions and post-spin stretching, fibers with high tensile strength can be achieved.

COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hydration-Induced β-Sheet Crosslinking of α-Helical-Rich Spider Prey-Wrapping Silk

Dillan Stengel et al.

Summary: This study revealed the unique water-induced cross-linking mechanism in orb-weaving spider aciniform silk, increasing the beta-sheet content and stiffness of the silk. Mechanical shear further enhances beta-sheet cross-linking, resulting in 4-6 nm beta-sheet domains. The observation of converting a flexible alpha-helix-rich fiber to a rigid beta-sheet mat through water treatment may open new possibilities in bioinspired materials design.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Interplay of Different Major Ampullate Spidroins during Assembly and Implications for Fiber Mechanics

Merisa Saric et al.

Summary: The study found that different sources of spidroins yield different effects during assembly, and the mixture of different ratios of homo- and heterodimers can impact the mechanical properties of fibers.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Forcibly spun dragline silk fibers from web-building spider Trichonephila clavata ensure robustness irrespective of spinning speed and humidity

Kenjiro Yazawa et al.

Summary: The study found that the structural and mechanical properties of dragline silk fibers are not affected by spinning speed and humidity, maintaining strength and extensibility. This helps understand the biological basis of spider silk fiber formation and provides insights into spinning conditions for creating synthetic silk fibers.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Spinning conditions affect structure and properties of Nephila spider silk

Robert J. Young et al.

Summary: Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the impact of spinning conditions on the structure and mechanical properties of silk spun by Nephila spiders. The study found that silk fibers produced under different spinning rates had varying microstructures and mechanical properties, supporting the uniform strain hypothesis in spider silk fibers. The comparison of major and minor ampullate silks revealed significant differences, providing insights into dragline silk evolution and potential for further testing of hypotheses concerning uniform strain versus uniform stress models.

MRS BULLETIN (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Darwin's bark spider shares a spidroin repertoire with Caerostris extrusa but achieves extraordinary silk toughness through gene expression

Nobuaki Kono et al.

Summary: Spider silk, particularly from species like Darwin's bark spider in Madagascar, possesses high toughness and extensibility. Studies have shown that specific spidroins play a key role in determining the mechanical properties of the silk. Further investigation into gene expression and silk protein contents among related species is needed to understand the potential for producing tough silk.

OPEN BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Size-related increase in inducible mechanical variability of major ampullate silk in a huntsman spider (Araneae: Sparassidae)

Dakota Piorkowski et al.

Summary: Research reveals a gradual increase in the inducible variability of major ampullate silk (MAS) mechanical properties across spider size, potentially due to shifts in internal processing or chemical composition. This suggests that spiders develop this variability over their lifetime, with changes in the use of MAS as a safety line or aid in jumping.

SCIENCE OF NATURE (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Control of Polymer Properties by Entanglement: A Review

De-Chao Kong et al.

Summary: Chain entanglement, either cohesional or topological, significantly influences the structure, properties, and processability of polymers. Proper entanglement can enhance polymer toughness, while excessive entanglement may lead to increased melt viscosity. Controlling the degree of chain entanglement is crucial for designing and processing polymer materials with desired properties.

MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

High-yield production of a super-soluble miniature spidroin for biomimetic high-performance materials

Benjamin Schmuck et al.

Summary: Efficient production method for artificial spider silk proteins has been developed, leading to significant increases in yield and expression levels. The biomimetic spinning technique resulted in fibers with the highest reported toughness modulus for artificial silk fibers, offering new possibilities for industrial applications.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Critical role of minor eggcase silk component in promoting spidroin chain alignment and strong fiber formation

Tiantian Fan et al.

Summary: The minor component of spider eggcase silk, TuSp2, accelerates self-assembly and promotes molecular chain alignment of spidroins upon physical shearing. The NMR structure of TuSp2 reveals a unique charged surface dimeric structure that recruits different domains of the main eggcase component TuSp1, leading to artificial fibers with higher strength and Young's modulus than their native counterparts. These findings provide a framework for designing silk biomaterials based on the distinct roles of silk components.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk

Nobuaki Kono et al.

Summary: The multiomics approach revealed the essential roles of the MaSp3B spidroin and SpiCE proteins in achieving the mechanical properties of dragline silk of golden orb-weaver spiders. The combination of these components, along with MaSp1 and MaSp2, is crucial for realizing the unmatched toughness and strength of the silk.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Natural load-bearing protein materials

Matthew J. Harrington et al.

Summary: Biological tissues in animals consist of extracellular matrix with cells embedded in it, while other organisms fabricate protein-based materials that function extracorporeally. Regardless of whether these materials function inside or outside the body, natural protein-based materials perform essential life functions that are highly dependent on their mechanical properties.

PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Unconventional Spidroin Assemblies in Aqueous Dope for Spinning into Tough Synthetic Fibers

Chun-Fei Hu et al.

Summary: Spider dragline silk is a remarkable fiber made by spiders from an aqueous solution of spidroins, and the synergizing role of terminal domains in the storage and processing of recombinant analogues into tough synthetic fibers has been highlighted in this study.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Zoology

The balance of crystalline and amorphous regions in the fibroin structure underpins the tensile strength of bagworm silk

Nobuaki Kono et al.

Summary: Protein-based materials are versatile biomaterials with biodegradability, and bagworm silk exhibits unique mechanical properties. Transcriptome analysis of two related bagworm species revealed conservation of motif combination and silk properties. Canephora pungelerii produces exceptionally strong silk possibly due to a specific H-fibroin architecture.

ZOOLOGICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Correlation between protein secondary structure and mechanical performance for the ultra-tough dragline silk of Darwin's bark spider

K. Zin Htut et al.

Summary: This study examines the protein secondary structure composition and mechanical properties of major ampullate (MA) silk from Caerostris darwini compared to other spider species, revealing unique characteristics of the MA silk composition in C. darwini with lower ratios of helices and beta-sheets. While before supercontraction, toughness, modulus and tensile strength correlate with specific protein structures, after supercontraction, only modulus and strain at break are correlated with certain protein structures, indicating additional information such as crystal size and orientation is needed for a complete structure-property correlation model.

JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Tyrosine residues mediate supercontraction in biomimetic spider silk

Gabriele Greco et al.

Summary: Exposure to wet conditions can lead to supercontraction in spider silk. Tyrosine residues in amorphous regions of the silk fiber are found to contribute to this phenomenon. Protein engineering allows control over supercontraction and response to humidity, providing potential for applications in wet environments.

COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Spider (Linothele megatheloides) and silkworm (Bombyx mori) silks: Comparative physical and biological evaluation

Yuejiao Yang et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2020)

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Review Engineering, Mechanical

Stress-strain curves of metallic materials and post-necking strain hardening characterization: A review

Shengwen Tu et al.

FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Optimized production of a high-performance hybrid biomaterial: biomineralized spider silk for bone tissue engineering

Alessandra Dellaquila et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ultrastructures and Mechanics of Annealed Nephila clavipes Major Ampullate Silk

Thomas W. Dugger et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

A Cuboid Spider Silk: Structure-Function Relationship and Polypeptide Signature

Na Kong et al.

MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Spider Silk for Tissue Engineering Applications

Sahar Salehi et al.

MOLECULES (2020)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Spider Silk Biomimetics Programs to Inform the Development of New Wearable Technologies

Sean J. Blamires et al.

FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure-Function Relationship of Artificial Spider Silk Fibers Produced by Straining Flow Spinning

Nathalie Gonska et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A supertough electro-tendon based on spider silk composites

Liang Pan et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Hydrothermal Effect on Mechanical Properties of Nephila pilipes Spidroin

Hsuan-Chen Wu et al.

POLYMERS (2020)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Characterization of the second type of aciniform spidroin (AcSp2) provides new insight into design for spidroin-based biomaterials

Rui Wen et al.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tensile properties of synthetic pyriform spider silk fibers depend on the number of repetitive units as well as the presence of N- and C-terminal domains

Hongnian Zhu et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Engineered a novel pH-sensitive short major ampullate spidroin

Chen Zhang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Strong and Tough Silk for Resilient Attachment Discs: The Mechanical Properties of Piriform Silk in the SpiderCupiennius salei(Keyserling, 1877)

Gabriele Greco et al.

FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Doubling the Mechanical Properties of Spider Silk by C60Supersonic Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Maria F. Pantano et al.

FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Application of the Spider Silk Standardization Initiative (S3I) methodology to the characterization of major ampullate gland silk fibers spun by spiders from Pantanos de Villa wetlands (Lima, Peru)

Javier Garrote et al.

JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Expression and characterization of chimeric spidroins fromflagelliform-aciniform repetitive modules

Lu-Yang Tian et al.

BIOPOLYMERS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanical Properties and Weibull Scaling Laws of Unknown Spider Silks

Gabriele Greco et al.

MOLECULES (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Properties of Biomimetic Artificial Spider Silk Fibers Tuned by PostSpin Bath Incubation

Gabriele Greco et al.

MOLECULES (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Effect of Molecular Stiffness on the Physical Aging of Polymers

Bradley R. Frieberg et al.

MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Strain rate dependent mechanical behavior of B. mori silk, A. assama silk, A. pernyi silk and A. ventricosus spider silk

Lan Cheng et al.

MATERIALS & DESIGN (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural Changes in Spider Dragline Silk after Repeated Supercontraction-Stretching Processes

Linli Hu et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Understanding the mechanical response of glass and carbon fibres: stress-strain analysis and modulus determination

Rajnish Kumar et al.

41ST RISO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MATERIALS SCIENCE: MATERIALS AND DESIGN FOR NEXT GENERATION WIND TURBINE BLADES (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Simultaneous effect of strain rate and humidity on the structure and mechanical behavior of spider silk

Kenjiro Yazawa et al.

COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanical and structural properties of major ampullate silk from spiders fed carbon nanomaterials

Sean P. Kelly et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

On the Strength of Hair across Species

Wen Yang et al.

MATTER (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of Skin Layers on Mechanical Properties and Supercontraction of Spider Dragline Silk Fiber

Kenjiro Yazawa et al.

MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE (2019)

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Article Anatomy & Morphology

Ultrastructure of spider thread anchorages

Marina Wirth et al.

JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recombinant Silk Fiber Properties Correlate to Prefibrillar Self-Assembly

Lingling Xu et al.

SMALL (2019)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Effect of Wet Spinning and Stretching to Enhance Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber Filament

Hyun Chan Kim et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING-GREEN TECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A study of the extraordinarily strong and tough silk produced by bagworms

Taiyo Yoshioka et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

The Biomedical Use of Silk: Past, Present, Future

Chris Holland et al.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Silk physico-chemical variability and mechanical robustness facilitates intercontinental invasibility of a spider

Carmen Viera et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Article Education, Scientific Disciplines

A simple approach to understand the physical aging in polymers

Rikardo Minguez et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS (2019)

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Article Engineering, Aerospace

Bionics design and dynamics analysis of space webs based on spider predation

Boting Xu et al.

ACTA ASTRONAUTICA (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artificial spider silk is smart like natural one: having humidity-sensitive shape memory with superior recovery stress

Harun Venkatesan et al.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2019)

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Proceedings Paper Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Fluid-structure interaction study of spider's hair flow-sensing system

Roberto Guarino et al.

MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS (2019)

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Article Zoology

Ontogenetic shift toward stronger, tougher silk of a web-building, cave-dwelling spider

D. Piorkowski et al.

JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Multiscale mechanisms of nutritionally induced property variation in spider silks

Sean J. Blamires et al.

PLOS ONE (2018)

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Article Polymer Science

Comparison of the effects of post-spinning drawing and wet stretching on regenerated silk fibers produced through straining flow spinning

Rodrigo Madurga et al.

POLYMER (2018)

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Article Biology

Mechanical properties of silk of the Australian golden orb weavers Nephila pilipes and Nephila plumipes

Genevieve G. Kerr et al.

BIOLOGY OPEN (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Recombinant Spidroins Fully Replicate Primary Mechanical Properties of Natural Spider Silk

Christopher H. Bowen et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mass spider silk production through targeted gene replacement in Bombyx mori

Jun Xu et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Extraordinary Mechanical Properties of Composite Silk Through Hereditable Transgenic Silkworm Expressing Recombinant Major Ampullate Spidroin

Zhengying You et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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News Item Engineering, Chemical

Decorated Spider Silk Slowly Releases Antibiotics

D. Harvey

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Quantitating morphological changes in biological samples during scanning electron microscopy sample preparation with correlative super-resolution microscopy

Ying Zhang et al.

PLOS ONE (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Toughness-enhancing metastructure in the recluse spider's looped ribbon silk

S. R. Koebley et al.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural and Mechanical Roles for the C-Terminal Nonrepetitive Domain Become Apparent in Recombinant Spider Aciniform Silk

Lingling Xu et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unraveling the Molecular Requirements for Macroscopic Silk Supercontraction

Tristan Giesa et al.

ACS NANO (2017)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Spider silk reinforced by graphene or carbon nanotubes

Emiliano Lepore et al.

2D MATERIALS (2017)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Macrofibers with High Mechanical Performance Based on Aligned Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers

Jingjing Yao et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2017)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Nanostructural and mechanical property changes to spider silk as a consequence of insecticide exposure

Marco Benamu et al.

CHEMOSPHERE (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Recombinant Production, Characterization, and Fiber Spinning of an Engineered Short Major Ampullate Spidroin (MaSp1s)

Christopher Thamm et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Production of High Performance Bioinspired Silk Fibers by Straining Flow Spinning

Rodrigo Madurga et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biomimetic spinning of artificial spider silk from a chimeric minispidroin

Marlene Andersson et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of Wet-Spinning and Post-Spin Stretching Methods Amenable to Recombinant Spider Aciniform Silk

Nathan Weatherbee-Martin et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2016)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Spider silk as a blueprint for greener materials: a review

Thierry Lefevre et al.

INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The effect of ageing on the mechanical properties of the silk of the bridge spider Larinioides cornutus (Clerck, 1757)

Emiliano Lepore et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Material properties of evolutionary diverse spider silks described by variation in a single structural parameter

Rodrigo Madurga et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Recombinant spider silk from aqueous solutions via a bio-inspired microfluidic chip

Qingfa Peng et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biomimetic Fibers Made of Recombinant Spidroins with the Same Toughness as Natural Spider Silk

Aniela Heidebrecht et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

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Influence of experimental methods on the mechanical properties of silk fibers: A systematic literature review and future road map

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