Self-Discharge Processes in Symmetrical Supercapacitors with Activated Carbon Electrodes

The self-discharge of an electric double-layer capacitor with composite activated carbon electrodes and aqueous electrolyte (1 M MgSO4) was studied in detail. Under a long-term potentiostatic charge (stabilization), a decrease in the discharge capacity was observed in the region of voltages exceeding 0.8 V. The self-discharge process consists of two phases. In the initial phase, the cell voltage drop is due to the charge redistribution inside electrodes. During the main phase, the charge transfer between the electrodes determines the voltage drop. The optimal stabilization time of the self-discharge was found to be 50 min at 1.4 V. Hydrophilization of the negative electrode occurred during long-term polarization due to the formation of epoxy functional groups.

Automated summary

This study investigated the self-discharge behavior of an electric double-layer capacitor with composite activated carbon electrodes and aqueous electrolyte. It was found that under long-term potentiostatic charge, the discharge capacity decreased when the voltage exceeded 0.8V. The self-discharge process consisted of initial and main phases, and the optimal stabilization time was determined to be 50 minutes at 1.4V.