Nonequilibrium phases of a Fermi gas inside a cavity with imbalanced pumping

In this work we investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional spinless fermions loaded in a cavity with imbalanced pumping lasers. Our study is motivated by previous work on a similar setup using bosons, and we explore the unique properties of fermionic systems in this context. By considering the imbalance in the pumping, we find that the system exhibits multiple superradiant steady phases, a bistable regime, and an unstable phase. Furthermore, by making use of the hysteresis structure in the bistable regime, we propose a unidirectional topological pumping. Unlike the usual topological pumping in which the driving protocol breaks time-reversal symmetry, the driving protocol can be time-reversal invariant in our proposal.

Automated summary

In this work, we investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional spinless fermions loaded in a cavity with imbalanced pumping lasers. We propose a unidirectional topological pumping scheme based on the hysteresis structure in the bistable regime.