4.7 Article

Survival Analysis of Hospital Length of Stay of COVID-19 Patients in Ilam Province, Iran: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
卷 12, 期 20, 页码 -

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MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206678

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survival analysis; Cox regression; hospital length of stay; COVID-19; Ilam; Iran

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Analyzing the length of hospitalization and related factors for COVID-19 patients in Ilam Province can provide valuable insights for decision-making in other provinces of Iran. This study found that male patients, older age groups, and patients with a history of chronic lung diseases, diabetes, and heart disease were at a higher risk of dying from COVID-19. It is of potential interest to implement preventive measures for elderly patients and those with underlying conditions to prevent the transmission of the virus. Additionally, efficient management of hospital beds should be considered.
Knowledge of the length of hospitalization of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), its characteristics, and its related factors creates a better understanding of the impact of medical interventions and hospital capacities. Iran is one of the countries with the most deaths in the world (146,321 total deaths; 5 September 2023) and ranks first among the countries of the Middle East and the EMRO. Analysis of confirmed COVID-19 patients' hospital length of stay in Ilam Province can be informative for decision making in other provinces of Iran. This study was conducted to analyze the survival of COVID-19 patients and the factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in the hospitals of Ilam Province. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data from confirmed COVID-19 cases in Ilam Province were obtained from the SIB system in 2019. The sample size was 774 COVID-19-positive patients from Ilam Province. Measuring survival and risk probabilities in one-week intervals was performed using Cox regression. Most patients were male (55.4%) and 55.3% were over 45 years old. Of the 774 patients, 87 (11.2%) died during the study period. The mean hospital length of stay was 5.14 days. The median survival time with a 95% confidence interval was four days. The probability of survival of patients was 80%, 70%, and 38% for 10, 20, and 30 days of hospital stay, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the survival time of patients with age, history of chronic lung diseases, history of diabetes, history of heart diseases, and hospitalization in ICU (p < 0.05). The risk of dying due to COVID-19 disease was higher among men, older age groups, and patients with a history of chronic lung diseases, diabetes, and heart disease. According to the results, taking preventive measures for elderly patients and those with underlying conditions to prevent the infection of COVID-19 patients is of potential interest. Efficiency in the management of hospital beds should also be considered.

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