期刊
BMC GERIATRICS
卷 16, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-016-0286-2
关键词
Elders; Visual impairment; Hearing impairment; Cognitive impairment; Death
资金
- JSPS KAKENHI [15592348, 20592645]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20592645, 15592348] Funding Source: KAKEN
Background: Vision and hearing impairments among elders are common, and cognitive impairment is a concern. This study assessed the association of vision and hearing impairments with cognitive impairment and mortality among long-term care recipients. Methods: Data of 1754 adults aged 65 or older were included in analysis from the Gujo City Long-Term Care Insurance Database in Japan for a mean follow-up period of 4.7 years. Trained and certified investigators assessed sensory impairments and cognitive impairment using a national assessment tool. Five-level scales were used to measure vision and hearing impairments. Cognitive performance was assessed on two dimensions, namely communication/ cognition and problem behaviors. We performed logistic regression analysis to estimate odd ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of vision and hearing impairments with cognitive impairment. Using Cox proportional hazard regression models, we obtained hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality. Results: Of 1754 elders, 773 (44.0 %) had normal sensory function, 252 (14.4 %) vision impairment, 409 (23.3 %) hearing impairment, and 320 (18.2 %) dual sensory impairment. After adjusting for potential cofounders, ORs of cognitive impairment were 1.46 (95 % CI 1.07-1.98) in individuals with vision impairment, 1.47 (95 % CI 1.13-1.92) in those with hearing impairment, and 1.97 (95 % CI 1.46-2.65) in those with dual sensory impairment compared to individuals with normal sensory function. The adjusted HR of overall mortality was 1.29 (95 % CI 1.01-1.65) in individuals with dual sensory impairment and cognitive impairment relative to normal sensory and cognitive functions. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment was most common in individuals with dual sensory impairment, and those with dual sensory impairment and cognitive impairment had increased mortality.
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