期刊
AOB PLANTS
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw063
关键词
Cannaceae; Costaceae; Heliconiaceae; Lowiaceae; Marantaceae; Musaceae; Strelitziaceae; Zingiberaceae
资金
- Heliconia Society International award
- National Science Foundation (USA) [DEB 1257080, 1257701]
- National Parks Board, Singapore
- Czech Science Foundation [GACR P506-14-13541S]
- Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (I3) on Synchrotrons and FELs
- European Community [312284]
- DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1257080] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Phenotypic variation can be attributed to genetic heritability as well as biotic and abiotic factors. Across Zingiberales, there is a high variation in the number of species per clade and in phenotypic diversity. Factors contributing to this phenotypic variation have never been studied in a phylogenetic or ecological context. Seeds of 166 species from all eight families in Zingiberales were analyzed for 51 characters using synchrotron based 3D X-ray tomographic microscopy to determine phylogenetically informative characters and to understand the distribution of morphological disparity within the order. All families are distinguishable based on seed characters. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses show Zingiberaceae occupy the largest seed morphospace relative to the other families, and environmental analyses demonstrate that Zingiberaceae inhabit both temperate and tropical regions, while other Zingiberales are almost exclusively tropical. Temperate species do not cluster in morphospace nor do they share a common suite of character states. This suggests that the diversity seen is not driven by adaptation to temperate niches; rather, the morphological disparity seen likely reflects an underlying genetic plasticity that allowed Zingiberaceae to repeatedly colonize temperate environments. The notable morphoanatomical variety in Zingiberaceae seeds may account for their extraordinary ecological success and high species diversity as compared to other Zingiberales.
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