What is New in Alpha-Gal Syndrome?

Purpose of ReviewAlpha-gal (alpha-gal) syndrome (AGS) represents a paradigm shift in food allergy since the allergen (alpha-gal), unlike most protein allergens, is an oligosaccharide found in mammalian meat and because of the delayed onset of allergic symptoms (3 to 6 h after consumption). Given the variability and non-specificity of the symptoms, in addition to the lack of highly sensitive diagnostic tests, its diagnosis and management can be challenging. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current status of AGS, with a special focus on the new therapeutic strategies.Recent FindingsThe association of AGS with tick bites is increasingly well documented and the pathogenic mechanism would be given by the induction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) against alpha-gal present in tick saliva. Treatment is based on avoiding mammalian meat consumption and in some cases also mammalian-derived products. In recent years, a few studies of oral desensitization against alpha-gal have been published with promising results.SummaryAdvances in the knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AGS have contributed to a better understanding of this syndrome, which has clinical features that often make it difficult to diagnose and treat. Future treatment strategies may involve combining anti-IgE therapy with oral desensitization to improve management outcomes.

Automated summary

Advances in understanding the mechanisms of AGS have led to a better understanding of this syndrome, which is challenging to diagnose and treat due to its clinical features. Future treatment strategies may involve combining anti-IgE therapy with oral desensitization to improve management outcomes.