3.8 Article

Bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems: Novel insights on toxin activation across populations and experimental shortcomings

相关参考文献

注意:仅列出部分参考文献,下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Review Microbiology

Toxin-antitoxin systems as mediators of phage defence and the implications for abortive infection

Abigail Kelly et al.

Summary: Bacteria have developed various defence mechanisms, such as toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, to protect against infection by bacteriophages. Recent studies have discovered multiple novel TA systems with antiphage activity, revealing complex phage-host interactions and the need for an evolved conceptual definition of these systems.

CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY (2023)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Degradation of the E. coli antitoxin MqsA by the proteolytic complex ClpXP is regulated by zinc occupancy and oxidation

Margaret R. Vos et al.

Summary: It has been discovered that different stressors can selectively degrade specific antitoxins. MqsRA is a toxin-antitoxin system activated by various stresses. The study also found that the MqsA antitoxin is a substrate for degradation by ClpXP protease, and its degradation is regulated by zinc occupancy in MqsA and MqsR toxin binding.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

Review Microbiology

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems as Phage Defense Elements

Michele LeRoux et al.

Summary: Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic elements in bacteria that help defend against phage infections. The biological functions of TA systems are still unclear, but they are widespread and rapidly acquired or lost in bacterial genomes. This review discusses the evidence for phage defense mediated by TA systems and the coevolutionary battle between bacteria and phage.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Article Infectious Diseases

Isolation of persister cells within the biofilm and relative gene expression analysis of type II toxin/antitoxin system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in exponential and stationary phases

Rezvan Golmoradi Zadeh et al.

Summary: This study found that persister cells can form in biofilms in the presence of ciprofloxacin and colistin, and the number of persister cells is higher during the stationary phase compared to the exponential phase. Ciprofloxacin and colistin may induce persister cell formation by enhancing the expression of type II toxin/antitoxin systems.

JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (2022)

Article Biology

Quantifying heterologous gene expression during ectopic MazF production in Escherichia coli

Nela Nikolic et al.

Summary: This study investigates how ectopic mazF overexpression affects the production of heterologous proteins. The results show that during mazF overexpression, fluorescent proteins are translated from both canonical mRNA and leaderless mRNA. Longer mazF overexpression leads to higher concentration of fluorescent proteins translated from ACA-less mRNAs, but it also increases bacterial population heterogeneity.

BMC RESEARCH NOTES (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Direct activation of a bacterial innate immune system by a viral capsid protein

Tong Zhang et al.

Summary: In this study, a bacterial immune system called CapRel(SJ46) was identified that protects Escherichia coli from diverse phages by sensing specific proteins of the phages. The sensing and molecular mechanisms of CapRel(SJ46) were revealed, providing new insights into bacterial immune systems.

NATURE (2022)

Article Cell Biology

Bacterial MazF/MazE toxin-antitoxin suppresses lytic propagation of arbitrium-containing phages

Yongqing Cui et al.

Summary: Temperate phages switch between lysis and lysogeny during their life cycle. This study reveals that the arbitrium signal regulates the expression of genes in an operon, which in turn suppresses phage lytic propagation and promotes lysogeny. The specific mechanism involves the interaction between the phage phi3T_93 and the host toxin-antitoxin module, MazF/MazE.

CELL REPORTS (2022)

Article Microbiology

The DarTG toxin-antitoxin system provides phage defence by ADP-ribosylating viral DNA

Michele LeRoux et al.

Summary: The DarTG toxin-antitoxin system protects bacteria against phage infection by ADP-ribosylating viral DNA. The system can be evaded by phages through mutation of their DNA polymerase or the gp61.2 anti-DarT factor. A bioinformatics search identified homologues of DarTG, a family of TA systems that provide strong protection against phages. The toxin of DarTG modifies viral DNA upon phage infection, preventing replication and virion production. Phages have evolved mutations to overcome DarTG defense. These findings suggest that phage defense may be a common function of TA systems.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Article Microbiology

A functional selection reveals previously undetected anti-phage defence systems in the E. coli pangenome

Christopher N. Vassallo et al.

Summary: The study identified numerous new candidate defense systems in E. coli using an experimental selection scheme, demonstrating that intact prophages and mobile genetic elements are primary reservoirs and distributors of defense systems.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Article Microbiology

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems Alter Adaptation of Mycobacterium smegmatis to Environmental Stress

Lan-Yue Zhang et al.

Summary: Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems play a crucial role in enabling bacteria to adapt to changing environmental conditions and resist various stresses. This study reveals the functional roles of TA systems in the model bacterium M. smegmatis, providing key insights into drug tolerance, defense against phage infection, and resistance to environmental stresses.

MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2022)

Article Biology

Structural and mutational analysis of MazE6-operator DNA complex provide insights into autoregulation of toxin-antitoxin systems

Khushboo Kumari et al.

Summary: Among the 10 paralogs of the MazEF Toxin-Antitoxin system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MazEF6 plays a crucial role in multidrug tolerance, virulence, stress adaptation, and establishment of the Non Replicative Persistant (NRP) state. The study on the solution structures and dynamics of MazE6 and its complex with the cognate operator DNA sheds light on the transcriptional regulation and provides insights for the development of chemotherapeutic agents targeting the MazEF system.

COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY (2022)

Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Exploring a potential Achilles heel ofMycobacterium tuberculosis: defining the ClpC1 interactome

David A. Dougan et al.

FEBS JOURNAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

The fluorescent biosensor for detecting N6 methyladenine FzD5 mRNA and MazF activity

Gaihua Cao et al.

Summary: An ultra-sensitive biosensor based on MazF, cascaded strand displacement amplification (CSDA) and CRISPR/Cas12a was developed for the detection of m(6)A FzD5 mRNA, showing excellent sensitivity and detection limit.

ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA (2021)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Redefining genetic essentiality in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Saniya Patil et al.

Summary: Sequencing transposon mutant libraries have been crucial in identifying essential and non-essential genes in bacteria, particularly important for Mycobacterium tuberculosis with many unknown functions in its genome. Fluctuations in insertion frequencies across different genes were observed during growth in nutrient-replete conditions, indicating novel modes of adaptation by mutants. The study also revealed changes in essentiality status of genetic features, providing new insights into bacterial adaptation mechanisms.
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Conjugative plasmid-encoded toxin-antitoxin system PrpT/PrpA directly controls plasmid copy number

Songwei Ni et al.

Summary: The study reveals that the type II TA system, Pseudoalteromonas rubra plasmid toxin-antitoxin PrpT/PrpA, directly controls plasmid replication by acting as a negative regulator. The antitoxin PrpA binds to iterons in the plasmid origin to inhibit the binding of the replication initiator, preventing overreplication of the plasmid. This TA system is conserved and widespread on many conjugative plasmids.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

Article Microbiology

RNA antitoxin SprF1 binds ribosomes to attenuate translation and promote persister cell formation in Staphylococcus aureus

Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie et al.

Summary: This study reveals how an RNA antitoxin called SprF1 promotes antibiotic persister cell formation in Staphylococcus aureus by regulating translation initiation, which reduces bacterial protein synthesis and slows down bacterial growth.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

MazF toxin causes alterations in Staphylococcus aureus transcriptome, translatome and proteome that underlie bacterial dormancy

Fedor Bezrukov et al.

Summary: Antibiotic resistance may be caused by bacterial dormancy. This study found that the Staphylococcus aureus endoribonuclease toxin MazF can impact cell physiology in multiple ways, suggesting new targets for antibacterial drugs.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2021)

Article Microbiology

Bistable Expression of a Toxin-Antitoxin System Located in a Cryptic Prophage of Escherichia coli O157:H7

Dukas Jurenas et al.

Summary: In this study, the transcriptional regulation mechanism of a Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system in a cryptic lambdoid prophage in Escherichia coli was investigated. The presence of a transcriptional regulator PaaR2 controlling the TA system was identified, along with two other transcriptional regulators YdaS and YdaT. It was shown that PaaR2 primarily represses the expression of YdaS and YdaT, thereby regulating the expression of the TA operon. The study revealed that the TA system exhibits bistability and is addictive, contributing to genomic stability within the prophage.
Article Genetics & Heredity

MazEF Toxin-Antitoxin System-Mediated DNA Damage Stress Response in Deinococcus radiodurans

Jingli Dai et al.

Summary: Deinococcus radiodurans exhibits significant resistance to various DNA-damaging agents. A toxin-antitoxin system, MazEF, responds to DNA damage stress in D. radiodurans. Analysis revealed regulation of genes involved in membrane trafficking and metal ion transportation by MazEF in response to DNA damage stress. Additionally, the MazEF system may mediate cell death by reducing ROS accumulation upon DNA damage stress.

FRONTIERS IN GENETICS (2021)

Article Microbiology

HigB1 Toxin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Upregulated During Stress and Required to Establish Infection in Guinea Pigs

Arun Sharma et al.

Summary: The expansion of Toxin Antitoxin modules in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been extensively studied, highlighting their importance in stress response and pathogenesis. Specifically, the HigB1 toxin plays a crucial role in stress adaptation and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis, as well as in regulating the expression of virulence-related genes. Deletion of higB1 results in reduced bacterial loads and pathological damage in infected guinea pigs, emphasizing the significance of the higBA1 locus during infection in host tissues.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Article Microbiology

Expanding the Staphylococcus aureus SarA Regulon to Small RNAs

Charlotte Oriol et al.

Summary: In this study, RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq were used to identify a comprehensive list of SarA-regulated targets, including mRNAs and sRNAs. The analysis revealed differential expression of 390 mRNAs and 51 sRNAs in a DsarA mutant, as well as 354 mRNAs and 55 sRNAs targeted by SarA in the S. aureus genome. The study also identified a novel SarA DNA binding sequence and potential target genes using bioinformatic analysis.

MSYSTEMS (2021)

Article Microbiology

Correlation between mazEF Toxin-Antitoxin System Expression and Methicillin Susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Relation to Biofilm-Formation

Aya Abd El Rahman et al.

Summary: The study revealed that methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is more proficient in biofilm-formation compared to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Furthermore, the expression of mazEF was significantly correlated to methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

MICROORGANISMS (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Prokaryote toxin-antitoxin modules: Complex regulation of an unclear function

Pieter De Bruyn et al.

Summary: Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are small operons in bacteria and archaea that encode a metabolic inhibitor (toxin) and a matching regulatory protein (antitoxin). Although their biochemical activities are well defined, their biological functions remain unclear. The different TA modules vary significantly regarding structure and biochemical activity, with regulation of protein activity by the antitoxin and of transcription being highly complex and sometimes showing parallels between otherwise unrelated TA modules. Interplay between the multiple levels of regulation in the broader context of the cell as a whole is likely required for optimum fine-tuning of these systems.

PROTEIN SCIENCE (2021)

Review Immunology

RNA Regulated Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Pathogenic Bacteria

David D. Sarpong et al.

Summary: The dynamic host environment poses a significant challenge for pathogenic bacteria, leading them to evolve molecular mechanisms for survival. Small RNAs (sRNAs) are implicated in regulating various pathways in pathogenic bacteria, including the bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Patricia Bordes et al.

Summary: Toxin-antitoxin systems are composed of a toxic toxin and a counteracting antitoxin, and their activation may rely on the degradation of antitoxins by cellular proteases. The interplay between proteases and TA systems in targeting essential cellular processes and inhibiting bacterial growth is still not fully understood.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mycobacterium tuberculosis VapC4 toxin engages small ORFs to initiate an integrated oxidative and copper stress response

Valdir C. Barth et al.

Summary: The VapBC4 toxin-antitoxin system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggers a series of stress survival pathways, activating virulence and controlling translation of messenger RNA by inactivating tRNACys through cleavage at a single site.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

T1TAdb: the database of type I toxin-antitoxin systems

Nicolas J. Tourasse et al.

Summary: Type I toxin-antitoxin systems use antisense RNA to regulate gene expression, and T1TAdb is the first database dedicated to these systems, providing a vast collection of bacterial strains, RNA and protein structure predictions, and comparative analysis tools.
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Allostery through DNA drives phenotype switching

Gabriel Rosenblum et al.

Summary: DNA-mediated allostery plays a regulatory role in gene expression by transmitting signals to enhance transcription factor binding cooperativity over long distances, impacting phenotype switching in bacteria.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Microbiology

Proteome Dynamics during Antibiotic Persistence and Resuscitation

Maja Semanjski et al.

Summary: During antibiotic persistence, bacterial cells exhibit transient tolerance to antibiotics by limiting their growth and metabolic activity. Using stable isotope labeling, over 500 newly synthesized proteins were detected during persistence, with many essential proteins showing high synthesis levels. Upon resuscitation, cells restored translation machinery and resumed metabolism by inducing glycolysis and amino acid biosynthesis.

MSYSTEMS (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

ppGpp ribosome dimerization model for bacterial persister formation and resuscitation

Sooyeon Song et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A widespread toxin-antitoxin system exploiting growth control via alarmone signaling

Steffi Jimmy et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

Article Microbiology

Regulation of Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: The Translation-Responsive Model

Bhaskar Chandra Mohan Ramisetty

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Review Microbiology

A Primary Physiological Role of Toxin/Antitoxin Systems Is Phage Inhibition

Sooyeon Song et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stress Can Induce Transcription of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems without Activating Toxin

Michele LeRoux et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2020)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cross-Regulations between Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: Evidence of an Interconnected Regulatory Network?

Camille Riffaud et al.

TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial

Sirli Rosendahl et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

Article Food Science & Technology

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: A Tool for Taxonomic Analysis of Human Intestinal Microbiota

Ksenia M. Klimina et al.

TOXINS (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Novel polyadenylylation-dependent neutralization mechanism of the HEPN/MNT toxin/antitoxin system

Jianyun Yao et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A peptide of a type I toxin-antitoxin system induces Helicobacter pylori morphological transformation from spiral shape to coccoids

Lamya El Mortaji et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

Review Microbiology

Definitions and guidelines for research on antibiotic persistence

Nathalie Q. Balaban et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

TASmania: A bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin Systems database

Hatice Akarsu et al.

PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY (2019)

Review Food Science & Technology

Type I Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Clostridia

Olga Soutourina

TOXINS (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

HokB Monomerization and Membrane Repolarization Control Persister Awakening

Dorien Wilmaerts et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Slow growth determines nonheritable antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica

Mauricio H. Pontes et al.

SCIENCE SIGNALING (2019)

Review Genetics & Heredity

General Mechanisms Leading to Persister Formation and Awakening

Dorien Wilmaerts et al.

TRENDS IN GENETICS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Toxin-mediated ribosome stalling reprograms the Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteome

Valdir C. Barth et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Birth and Resuscitation of (p)ppGpp Induced Antibiotic Tolerant Persister Cells

Mikkel Skjoldan Svenningsen et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Toxins of toxin/antitoxin systems are inactivated primarily through promoter mutations

L. Fernandez-Garcia et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Review Microbiology

Bacterial persistence: Fundamentals and clinical importance

Sung-Hee Jung et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The E. coli HicB Antitoxin Contains a Structurally Stable Helix-Turn-Helix DNA Binding Domain

Melek Cemre Manav et al.

STRUCTURE (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Deciphering the Antitoxin-Regulated Bacterial Stress Response via Single-Cell Analysis

Lina Wu et al.

ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

TADB 2.0: an updated database of bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin loci

Yingzhou Xie et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2018)

Article Microbiology

A Genetic Determinant of Persister Cell Formation in Bacterial Pathogens

David R. Cameron et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2018)

Article Ecology

Effects of prior exposure to antibiotics on bacterial adaptation to phages

F. I. Arias-Sanchez et al.

JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY (2018)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Toxins, Targets, and Triggers: An Overview of Toxin-Antitoxin Biology

Alexander Harms et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Autoregulation of mazEF expression underlies growth heterogeneity in bacterial populations

Nela Nikolic et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SLING: a tool to search for linked genes in bacterial datasets

Gal Horesh et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biochemical characterization of mt-PemIK, a novel toxin-antitoxin system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Xiaodong Chi et al.

FEBS LETTERS (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The small RNA, SdsR, acts as a novel type of toxin in Escherichia coli

Jee Soo Choi et al.

RNA BIOLOGY (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The RNA ligase RtcB reverses MazF-induced ribosome heterogeneity in Escherichia coli

Hannes Temmel et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2017)

Review Microbiology

Endoribonuclease type II toxin-antitoxin systems: functional or selfish?

Bhaskar Chandra Mohan Ramisetty et al.

MICROBIOLOGY-SGM (2017)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

HicA toxin of Escherichia coli derepresses hicAB transcription to selectively produce HicB antitoxin

Kathryn J. Turnbull et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Two regulatory RNA elements affect TisB-dependent depolarization and persister formation

Bork A. Berghoff et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

Article Food Science & Technology

Mechanisms for Differential Protein Production in Toxin-Antitoxin Systems

Heather S. Deter et al.

TOXINS (2017)

Article Immunology

Beyond Paralogs: The Multiple Layers of Redundancy in Bacterial Pathogenesis

Soma Ghosh et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The evolutionary advantage of heritable phenotypic heterogeneity

Oana Carja et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2017)

Review Microbiology

Slow and steady wins the race: an examination of bacterial persistence

Tara L. Renbarger et al.

AIMS MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

Review Microbiology

Formation, physiology, ecology, evolution and clinical importance of bacterial persisters

Bram Van den Bergh et al.

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2017)

Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Persisters-as elusive as ever

Niilo Kaldalu et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Salmonella Toxin Promotes Persister Formation through Acetylation of tRNA

Angela M. Cheverton et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Enhanced Efflux Activity Facilitates Drug Tolerance in Dormant Bacterial Cells

Yingying Pu et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2016)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

MICROBIOLOGY Pumping persisters

Kenn Gerdes et al.

NATURE (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An oxygen-sensitive toxin-antitoxin system

Oriol Marimon et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chaperone addiction of toxin-antitoxin systems

Patricia Bordes et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Persistence Increases in the Absence of the Alarmone Guanosine Tetraphosphate by Reducing Cell Growth

Nityananda Chowdhury et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

Review Food Science & Technology

Structure, Evolution, and Functions of Bacterial Type III Toxin-Antitoxin Systems

Nathalie Goeders et al.

TOXINS (2016)

Review Food Science & Technology

Toxin-Antitoxin Modules Are Pliable Switches Activated by Multiple Protease Pathways

Meenakumari Muthuramalingam et al.

TOXINS (2016)

Review Microbiology

Toxin-antitoxins and bacterial virulence

Damian Lobato-Marquez et al.

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2016)

Article Biology

BtoxDB: A comprehensive database of protein structural data on toxin-antitoxin systems

Luiz Carlos Bertucci Barbosa et al.

COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

HipBA-promoter structures reveal the basis of heritable multidrug tolerance

Maria A. Schumacher et al.

NATURE (2015)

Review Microbiology

A functional perspective on phenotypic heterogeneity in microorganisms

Martin Ackermann

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

MazF ribonucleases promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug tolerance and virulence in guinea pigs

Prabhakar Tiwari et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The MazEF Toxin-Antitoxin System Alters the β-Lactam Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus

Christopher F. Schuster et al.

PLOS ONE (2015)

Article Microbiology

Bacterial Drug Tolerance under Clinical Conditions Is Governed by Anaerobic Adaptation but not Anaerobic Respiration

Claudia M. Hemsley et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2014)

Article Microbiology

Selective Target Inactivation Rather than Global Metabolic Dormancy Causes Antibiotic Tolerance in Uropathogens

Lee W. Goneau et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2014)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Disorder- and Dynamics-Based Regulatory Mechanisms in Toxin-Antitoxin Modules

Remy Loris et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2014)

Article Microbiology

A Moderate Toxin, GraT, Modulates Growth Rate and Stress Tolerance of Pseudomonas putida

Hedvig Tamman et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2014)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanisms of Toxin Inhibition and Transcriptional Repression by Escherichia coli DinJ-YafQ

Ajchareeya Ruangprasert et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2014)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Lost in Transition: Start-Up of Glycolysis Yields Subpopulations of Nongrowing Cells

Johan H. van Heerden et al.

SCIENCE (2014)

Article Microbiology

Dormancy Is Not Necessary or Sufficient for Bacterial Persistence

Mehmet A. Orman et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2013)

Article Microbiology

Arrested Protein Synthesis Increases Persister-Like Cell Formation

Brian W. Kwan et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2013)

Article Microbiology

Type II toxin/antitoxin MqsR/MqsA controls type V toxin/antitoxin GhoT/GhoS

Xiaoxue Wang et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2013)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Bacterial Toxin Inhibits DNA Replication Elongation through a Direct Interaction with the β Sliding Clamp

Christopher D. Aakre et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2013)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Metabolic Control of Persister Formation in Escherichia coli

Stephanie M. Amato et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Molecular mechanisms of multiple toxin-antitoxin systems are coordinated to govern the persister phenotype

Rick A. Fasani et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dynamic Persistence of Antibiotic-Stressed Mycobacteria

Yuichi Wakamoto et al.

SCIENCE (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tuning the range and stability of multiple phenotypic states with coupled positive-negative feedback loops

Maier S. Avendano et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2013)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Single Transmembrane Peptide DinQ Modulates Membrane-Dependent Activities

Ragnhild Weel-Sneve et al.

PLOS GENETICS (2013)

Article Microbiology

Role of Oxidative Stress in Persister Tolerance

Yanxia Wu et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2012)

Review Infectious Diseases

Bacterial stress responses as determinants of antimicrobial resistance

Keith Poole

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2012)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A new type V toxin-antitoxin system where mRNA for toxin GhoT is cleaved by antitoxin GhoS

Xiaoxue Wang et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2012)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The ζ Toxin Induces a Set of Protective Responses and Dormancy

Virginia S. Lioy et al.

PLOS ONE (2012)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Type I toxin-antitoxin systems in Bacillus subtilis

Sylvain Durand et al.

RNA BIOLOGY (2012)

Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Bacterial type I toxin-antitoxin systems

Sabine Brantl

RNA BIOLOGY (2012)

Article Genetics & Heredity

The Essential Function of B-subtilis RNase III Is to Silence Foreign Toxin Genes

Sylvain Durand et al.

PLOS GENETICS (2012)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems Influence Biofilm and Persister Cell Formation and the General Stress Response

Xiaoxue Wang et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2011)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antitoxin MqsA helps mediate the bacterial general stress response

Xiaoxue Wang et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2011)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

TADB: a web-based resource for Type 2 toxin-antitoxin loci in bacteria and archaea

Yucheng Shao et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2011)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Diversity of bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin systems: a comprehensive search and functional analysis of novel families

Raphael Leplae et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2011)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Toxins Hha and CspD and small RNA regulator Hfq are involved in persister cell formation through MqsR in Escherichia coli

Younghoon Kim et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2010)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Allostery and Intrinsic Disorder Mediate Transcription Regulation by Conditional Cooperativity

Abel Garcia-Pino et al.

Article Microbiology

Escherichia coli toxin/antitoxin pair MqsR/MqsA regulate toxin CspD

Younghoon Kim et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2010)

Article Genetics & Heredity

IscR Regulates RNase LS Activity by Repressing rnlA Transcription

Yuichi Otsuka et al.

GENETICS (2010)

Article Microbiology

Proteolytic Regulation of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by ClpPC in Staphylococcus aureus

Niles P. Donegan et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2010)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Noncognate Mycobacterium tuberculosis Toxin-Antitoxins Can Physically and Functionally Interact

Ling Zhu et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2010)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Regulation of phenotypic variability by a threshold-based mechanism underlies bacterial persistence

Eitan Rotem et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2010)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ciprofloxacin Causes Persister Formation by Inducing the TisB toxin in Escherichia coli

Tobias Doerr et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2010)

Article Microbiology

The Chromosomal Toxin Gene yafQ Is a Determinant of Multidrug Tolerance for Escherichia coli Growing in a Biofilm

Joe J. Harrison et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2009)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Regulatory RNAs in Bacteria

Lauren S. Waters et al.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Growth Rate-Dependent Global Effects on Gene Expression in Bacteria

Stefan Klumpp et al.

Article Microbiology

An SOS-Regulated Type 2 Toxin-Antitoxin System

Larissa A. Singletary et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2009)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Rejuvenation of CcdB-Poisoned Gyrase by an Intrinsically Disordered Protein Domain

Natalie De Jonge et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2009)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ribosomes initiating translation of the hbs mRNA protect it from 5′-to-3′ exoribonucleolytic degradation by RNase J1

Roula Daou-Chabo et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2009)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ectopic production of VapCs from Enterobacteria inhibits translation and trans-activates YoeB mRNA interferase

Kristoffer S. Winther et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2009)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A chance at survival: gene expression noise and phenotypic diversification strategies

Dawn Fraser et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2009)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Molecular Mechanisms of HipA-Mediated Multidrug Tolerance and Its Neutralization by HipB

Maria A. Schumacher et al.

SCIENCE (2009)

Article Genetics & Heredity

SOS Response Induces Persistence to Fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli

Tobias Doerr et al.

PLOS GENETICS (2009)

Article Genetics & Heredity

A Toxin-Antitoxin System Promotes the Maintenance of an Integrative Conjugative Element

Rachel A. F. Wozniak et al.

PLOS GENETICS (2009)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Positive feedback in cellular control systems

Alexander Y. Mitrophanov et al.

BIOESSAYS (2008)

Article Microbiology

What is the benefit to Escherichia coli of having multiple toxin-antitoxin systems in its genome?

Virginie Tsilibaris et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2007)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

RASTA-Bacteria: a web-based tool for identifying toxin-antitoxin loci in prokaryotes

Emeric W. Sevin et al.

GENOME BIOLOGY (2007)

Review Microbiology

Hfq structure, function and ligand binding

Richard G. Brennan et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY (2007)

Article Microbiology

GlpD and PlsB participate in persister cell formation in Eschetichia coli

Amy L. Spoering et al.

JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2006)

Article Microbiology

Persisters:: a distinct physiological state of E-coli

Devang Shah et al.

BMC MICROBIOLOGY (2006)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Bacterial persistence: A model of survival in changing environments

E Kussell et al.

GENETICS (2005)

Article Microbiology

Persister cells and tolerance to antimicrobials

I Keren et al.

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS (2004)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Bacterial persistence as a phenotypic switch

NQ Balaban et al.

SCIENCE (2004)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The small RNA IstR inhibits synthesis of an SOS-induced toxic peptide

J Vogel et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2004)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Characterization of the interactions within the mazEF addiction module of Escherichia coli

JJ Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2003)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

RelE toxins from Bacteria and Archaea cleave mRNAs on translating ribosomes, which are rescued by tmRNA

SK Christensen et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2003)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Crystal structure of the MazE/MazF complex: Molecular bases of antidote-toxin recognition

K Kamada et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2003)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of additional genes belonging to the LexA regulon in Escherichia coli

AR Fernandez de Henestrosa et al.

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2000)