Graphene-like emerging 2D materials: recent progress, challenges and future outlook

Owing to the unique physical and chemical properties of 2D materials and the great success of graphene in various applications, the scientific community has been influenced to explore a new class of graphene-like 2D materials for next-generation technological applications. Consequently, many alternative layered and non-layered 2D materials, including h-BN, TMDs, and MXenes, have been synthesized recently for applications related to the 4th industrial revolution. In this review, recent progress in state-of-the-art research on 2D materials, including their synthesis routes, characterization and application-oriented properties, has been highlighted. The evolving applications of 2D materials in the areas of electronics, optoelectronics, spintronic devices, sensors, high-performance and transparent electrodes, energy conversion and storage, electromagnetic interference shielding, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and nanocomposites are discussed. In particular, the state-of-the-art applications, challenges, and outlook of every class of 2D material are also presented as concluding remarks to guide this fast-progressing class of 2D materials beyond graphene for scientific research into next-generation materials. The exploration of the unique physiochemical properties of 2D materials, led by graphene in numerous aspects, the scientific community has been intrigued in excavating a new class of graphene-like 2D materials for next-generation technology.

Automated summary

This review highlights recent progress in the research and application of 2D materials, including their synthesis, properties, and application-oriented characteristics. The applications of 2D materials in various fields are discussed, and the state-of-the-art applications, challenges, and outlook of each class of 2D material are presented as concluding remarks.